Toward a theory of social dialect variation
Toward a theory of social dialect variation
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走向社会方言变异理论
DOI：
10.1017/s0047404500005315
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发表时间：
1978
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
A. Kroch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kroch
在过去的十年里，社会背景下的语言研究已经成为一个成熟的领域，拥有大量的方法和实证结果。这项工作的结果是，我们对诸如语言变化的起源和扩散、语言使用中文体变异的本质以及语音社区内阶级结构对语言变异的影响等经典问题有了新的见解。社会语言学的进步在社会背景和语音声音模式之间的协同变化研究中最为明显。许多专着中报道的结果为我们理解分层社区中控制方言变异的因素（至少在语音方面）取得了实质性的理论进展奠定了基础。超越猜测和模糊概括的语音变异原因理论的表述似乎终于成为可能。因此，我们根据现有材料提出以下讨论，作为对社会方言变异机制解释理论发展的贡献。尽管我们将强烈地表达我们的观点，但我们知道它们还远非确定的。我们提出它们，不是作为不惜一切代价捍卫的立场，而是作为在迄今为止一直以描述性为导向的领域中进一步理论反思的刺激。
Over the past ten years the study of language in its social context has become a mature field with a substantial body of method and empirical results. As a result of this work we are arriving at new insights into such classical problems as the origin and diffusion of linguistic change, the nature of stylistic variation in language use, and the effect of class structure on linguistic variation within a speech community. Advances in sociolinguistics have been most evident in the study of co-variation between social context and the sound pattern of speech. The results reported in numerous monographs have laid the basis for substantial theoretical progress in our understanding of the factors that govern dialect variation in stratified communities, at least in its phonological aspect. The formulation of theories of the causes of phonological variation that go beyond guesswork and vague generalities appears at last to be possible. Therefore, we offer the following discussion, based on the material that is now available, as a contribution to the development of an explanatory theory of the mechanisms underlying social dialect variation. Although we shall state our views strongly, we know that they are far from definitive. We present them, not as positions to be defended at all costs, but as stimuli to further theoretical reflection in a field that has been, thus far, descriptively oriented.