From Classification to Causality: Advancing Understanding of Mechanisms of Change in Implementation Science.
From Classification to Causality: Advancing Understanding of Mechanisms of Change in Implementation Science.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpubh.2018.00136
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Weiner B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis CC;Klasnja P;Powell BJ;Lyon AR;Tuzzio L;Jones S;Walsh-Bailey C;Weiner B
实施科学对理解不同的实施策略如何工作几乎没有帮助。为了改善执行工作的成果，该领域需要精确的、可检验的理论，这些理论描述了执行战略发挥作用的因果途径。在这篇观点文章中，我们描述了一个四步方法来开发实施策略的因果路径模型。第一，必须确保适当地规定执行战略。已出版的汇编中的一些战略定义明确，但可能没有具体说明其核心组成部分，而这些组成部分可能会产生可靠和可衡量的影响。第二，需要在战略和机制之间建立联系。现有的汇编没有提供战略采取行动的机制，也没有提供执行战略发挥作用以影响预期执行结果的过程或事件。第三，必须确定该战略理论上要影响的近端和远端成果，前者是该战略的直接、可衡量的产品，后者是八项执行成果之一。最后，明确的效果修饰语，如前提条件和主持人，允许理解策略在何处，何时以及为什么会对感兴趣的结果产生影响。我们主张更精确地使用在实施过程中所涉及的因素的条款;制定指导方针，选择研究设计和研究计划，考虑到实际的结构，并允许研究的机制;心理强大和务实的措施的机制;和更强大的策展证据的知识转移和使用。
The science of implementation has offered little toward understanding how different implementation strategies work. To improve outcomes of implementation efforts, the field needs precise, testable theories that describe the causal pathways through which implementation strategies function. In this perspective piece, we describe a four-step approach to developing causal pathway models for implementation strategies. First, it is important to ensure that implementation strategies are appropriately specified. Some strategies in published compilations are well defined but may not be specified in terms of its core component that can have a reliable and measureable impact. Second, linkages between strategies and mechanisms need to be generated. Existing compilations do not offer mechanisms by which strategies act, or the processes or events through which an implementation strategy operates to affect desired implementation outcomes. Third, it is critical to identify proximal and distal outcomes the strategy is theorized to impact, with the former being direct, measurable products of the strategy and the latter being one of eight implementation outcomes. Finally, articulating effect modifiers, like preconditions and moderators, allow for an understanding of where, when, and why strategies have an effect on outcomes of interest. We argue for greater precision in use of terms for factors implicated in implementation processes; development of guidelines for selecting research design and study plans that account for practical constructs and allow for the study of mechanisms; psychometrically strong and pragmatic measures of mechanisms; and more robust curation of evidence for knowledge transfer and use.
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DOI：
10.1186/1748-5908-4-50
发表时间：
2009-08-07
期刊：
Implementation science : IS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Damschroder LJ;Aron DC;Keith RE;Kirsh SR;Alexander JA;Lowery JC
通讯作者：
Lowery JC
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Patrick, Kevin;Hekler, Eric B.;Riley, William T.
通讯作者：
Riley, William T.
影响因子：
0.5
作者：
Kroenke, K;Spitzer, RL
通讯作者：
Spitzer, RL
在社区心理健康中实施基于测量的护理：量身定制和标准化方法的描述。
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Lewis CC;Puspitasari A;Boyd MR;Scott K;Marriott BR;Hoffman M;Navarro E;Kassab H
通讯作者：
Kassab H
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Angus, Doug;Brouwers, Melissa;Tetroe, Jacqueline
通讯作者：
Tetroe, Jacqueline