Genetic differences and environmental variations in calyx-end fruit cracking among Japanese persimmon cultivars and selections
Genetic differences and environmental variations in calyx-end fruit cracking among Japanese persimmon cultivars and selections
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DOI：
10.21273/hortsci.37.1.164
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ukai, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamada, M;Sato, A;Ukai, Y
对日本柿（Diospyros kaki Thunb.）授粉稳定型和非涩型品种和选择系的萼端裂果进行了环境方差分量估计。将栽培品种或选择（基因型）（X）中的树的开裂值评估为开裂的果实的数量除以从每棵树评估的果实的总数（25）。由于X的平均值与X的方差相关，因此使用其平方根值进行方差分析。与基因型×年份互作相关的方差是环境方差分量中最大的。年与年之间的变异和基因型内的树木之间的变异非常小。10年评价的平均裂果率为：‘冬玉’3%，‘松本冬玉’11%，‘伊豆’12%。根据所获得的环境方差分量，建议在单年和三年评价中分别选择表现出表型开裂发生率小于20%和11%的所有后代基因型，当这些基因型使用来自单棵树的25个果实进行评价时，为了成功地选择基因型发生率小于3%的所有基因型。
Environmental variance components were estimated for calyx-end fruit cracking in pollination-constant and nonastringent cultivars and selections of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.). The cracking value of a tree in a cultivar or selection (genotype) (X) was evaluated as the number of fruit that cracked divided by the total number (25) of fruit evaluated from each tree. Because the mean value of X was correlated with the variance of X, analyses of variance were performed using its square root value. The variance associated with genotype x year interaction was the largest of environmental variance components. The variances associated among years and among trees within genotypes were very small. The mean percentage of cracked fruit in evaluation for 10 years was 3% for 'Fuyu', 11% for Matsumotowase-Fuyu', and 12% for 'Izu'. On the basis of the environmental variance components obtained, it is proposed that all offspring genotypes exhibiting a phenotypic cracking incidence of less than 20% and 11% should be selected in single-year and three-year evaluations, respectively, when those genotypes are evaluated using 25 fruits from a single tree, in order to successfully select all genotypes with an genotypic incidence of less than 3%.