50 YEARS OF MEMORY FOR NAMES AND FACES - CROSS-SECTIONAL APPROACH
50 YEARS OF MEMORY FOR NAMES AND FACES - CROSS-SECTIONAL APPROACH
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-3445.104.1.54
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发表时间：
1975-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
WITTLINGER, RP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BAHRICK, HP;BAHRICK, PO;WITTLINGER, RP
对 392 名高中毕业生进行了测试，测试他们对从年鉴中选出的同学的姓名和肖像的记忆力。毕业后的保留间隔从 2 周到 57 年不等。通过多元回归程序调整表现，以控制各种条件对材料的原始学习和排练的影响。结果表明，姓名和面孔的识别和匹配至少在 15 年内保持大约 90% 的正确率，即使对于非常大的类别的成员也是如此。自由回忆与班级规模和识别记忆无关，并且在 48 年间以负加速度下降了 60%。这种非常缓慢的遗忘过程归因于实践的分布和过度学习效应比实验室研究中观察到的更为极端。自由回忆的下降与作为检索中介的人际关系本质的遗忘有关。（33 ref）（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Tested 392 high school graduates for memory of names and portraits of classmates selected from yearbooks. The retention interval since graduation varied from 2 wks to 57 yrs. Performance was adjusted by multiple regression procedures to control the effects of various conditions on original learning and rehearsal of the material. Results show that identification and matching of names and faces remained approximately 90% correct for at least 15 yrs, even for members of very large classes. Free recall was independent of class size and recognition memory, and declined with negative acceleration by 60% during 48 yrs. This very slow forgetting process is attributed to distribution of practice and overlearning effects far more extreme than those observed in laboratory research. The decline of free recall is associated with the forgetting of the nature of the interpersonal relationship which serves as a retrieval mediator.(33 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)