Quantum register based on coupled electron spins in a room-temperature solid
Quantum register based on coupled electron spins in a room-temperature solid
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys1536
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Wrachtrup, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neumann, P.;Kolesov, R.;Wrachtrup, J.
利用量子物理定律的设备有望实现优于经典设备的信息处理，以及无条件安全的通信（1）。然而，特别是，基于凝聚态系统的实现面临着短相干时间的挑战。然而，碳材料（2，3），特别是金刚石（4-6），由于它们的无自旋晶格和弱自旋轨道耦合，适合于承载稳健的固态量子寄存器。在这里，我们表明，量子逻辑元件可以实现通过探索远程磁偶极耦合之间的单独寻址的单电子自旋与单独的颜色中心的钻石。这种耦合的强距离依赖性被用来表征单个量子比特（98 +/-3埃）的分离，其精度接近晶格间距的值。我们对电子自旋、条件动力学、选择性读出以及可切换相互作用的相干控制的演示应该为可行的室温固态量子寄存器开辟道路。由于两种电子自旋都是光学可寻址的，这种在环境条件下工作的固态量子器件提供了一定程度的控制，目前这种控制仅适用于低温下的少数系统。
Devices that harness the laws of quantum physics hold the promise for information processing that outperforms their classical counterparts, and for unconditionally secure communication(1). However, in particular, implementations based on condensed-matter systems face the challenge of short coherence times. Carbon materials(2,3), particularly diamond(4-6), however, are suitable for hosting robust solid-state quantum registers, owing to their spin-free lattice and weak spin-orbit coupling. Here we show that quantum logic elements can be realized by exploring long-range magnetic dipolar coupling between individually addressable single electron spins associated with separate colour centres in diamond. The strong distance dependence of this coupling was used to characterize the separation of single qubits (98 +/- 3 angstrom) with an accuracy close to the value of the crystal-lattice spacing. Our demonstration of coherent control over both electron spins, conditional dynamics, selective readout as well as switchable interaction should open the way towards a viable room-temperature solid-state quantum register. As both electron spins are optically addressable, this solid-state quantum device operating at ambient conditions provides a degree of control that is at present available only for a few systems at low temperature.