Unifying Type II Supernova Light Curves with Dense Circumstellar Material
Unifying Type II Supernova Light Curves with Dense Circumstellar Material
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/aa6251
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Morozova;A. Piro;S. Valenti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Morozova;A. Piro;S. Valenti
超新星（SNe）研究中一个长期存在的问题是IIP型和IIL型亚类之间的关系。它们是来自不同的祖先，还是来自相似的恒星，具有从一类平滑过渡到另一类的特性，这一直是争论的主题。利用一维辐射-流体动力学SN模型，我们发现sniil的多波段光曲线与被致密星周物质（CSM）包围的普通红超巨星很好地拟合。这些物质的推测范围，加上典型的风速，表明这些恒星在生命的最后几个月到几年的活动增强，这可能与核燃烧的晚期阶段有关。此外，我们发现，即使对于更像高原的SNe，密集的CSM也能更好地适应它们的光曲线的第一天，这表明这种物质的存在可能比以前认为的更广泛。在这里，我们选择用类似风的密度剖面来模拟CSM，但尚不清楚这是否只是代表了一些其他的质量分布，比如最近的物质抛射，厚盘，甚至是膨胀的包层材料。更好地了解这种材料的精确几何形状和密度分布将是未来研究的一个重要问题。
A longstanding problem in the study of supernovae (SNe) has been the relationship between the Type IIP and Type IIL subclasses. Whether they come from distinct progenitors or they are from similar stars with some property that smoothly transitions from one class to another has been the subject of much debate. Here, using one-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic SN models, we show that the multi-band light curves of SNe IIL are well fit by ordinary red supergiants surrounded by dense circumstellar material (CSM). The inferred extent of this material, coupled with a typical wind velocity of , suggests enhanced activity by these stars during the last ~months to ∼years of their lives, which may be connected with advanced stages of nuclear burning. Furthermore, we find that, even for more plateau-like SNe, dense CSM provides a better fit to the first days of their light curves, indicating that the presence of such material may be more widespread than previously appreciated. Here we choose to model the CSM with a wind-like density profile, but it is unclear whether this just generally represents some other mass distribution, such as a recent mass ejection, thick disk, or even inflated envelope material. Better understanding the exact geometry and density distribution of this material will be an important question for future studies.