The effects of life circumstances on longitudinal trajectories of offending
The effects of life circumstances on longitudinal trajectories of offending
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1745-9125.2005.00037.x
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Nieuwbeerta, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blokland, AAJ;Nieuwbeerta, P
这项研究是基于60多年的个人犯罪生涯，侧重于犯罪行为的发展。它首先检查的影响，生活环境，如工作和婚姻对犯罪，然后测试这些情况下的影响是否不同的罪犯群体，最后检查在何种程度上的年龄犯罪关系在总体水平上可以解释的年龄分级差异的生活环境。1977年，在荷兰审理的刑事案件中，对4%（N= 4，615）的所有个人进行了官方数据检索。自我报告数据来自1996年在荷兰进行的一项全国代表性调查，调查对象为2，244名15岁或15岁以上的人。在分析这些数据时，我们使用基于半参数组的模型。研究结果表明，生活环境的犯罪行为的机会有很大的影响，这些情况对犯罪的影响不同的罪犯群体。然而，生活环境的三分之一的变化只能在一定程度上解释总的年龄-犯罪关系。
This study, which is based on individual criminal careers over a 60year period, focuses on the development of criminal behavior. It first examines the impact that life circumstances such as work and marriage have on offending, then tests whether the effects of these circumstances are different for different groups of offenders, and finally examines the extent to which the age-crime relationship at the aggregate level can be explained by age-graded differences in life circumstances. Official data were retrieved for a 4-percent (N=4,615) sample of all individuals whose criminal case was tried in the Netherlands in 1977. Self-report data were derived from a nationally representative survey administered in the Netherlands in 1996 to 2,244 individuals aged 15 years or older. In analyzing this data, we use semi-parametric group-based models. Results indicate that life circumstances substantially influence the chances of criminal behavior, and that the effects of these circumstances on offending differ across offender groups. Age-graded changes in life circumstances, however, explain the aggregate age-crime relationship only to a modest extent.