Azithromycin in children: A critical review of the evidence
Azithromycin in children: A critical review of the evidence
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DOI：
10.1016/s0011-393x(02)80007-8
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Chiesa, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pacifico, L;Chiesa, C
背景：阿奇霉素是一种大环内酯类抗生素，每日一次给药。在过去的十年中，有关阿奇霉素临床应用的文献迅速增长，从而提高了人们对阿奇霉素在成人和儿童感染治疗中的作用的认识，并提出了新的问题。目的：本文综述了阿奇霉素在儿童感染治疗中的应用。我们进行了MEDLINE文献检索，以确定1987年至2001年期间发表的有关阿奇霉素的英文研究。阿奇霉素在治疗急性化脓性链球菌咽扁桃体炎、急性中耳炎、社区获得性肺炎、百日咳、皮肤和软组织感染、鸟分枝杆菌复合体（MAC）、沙眼、伤寒、猫抓病结论：阿奇霉素是指作为一线治疗的呼吸道感染引起的军团菌属，肺炎支原体，肺炎衣原体，并作为经验性治疗社区获得性肺炎的年龄较大的儿童和青少年谁被认为是适当的门诊口服治疗。阿奇霉素单次给药是治疗衣原体宫颈炎/尿道炎和沙眼的极好方法，并已证明在预防和治疗艾滋病儿童播散性MAC感染方面有效。阿奇霉素可作为皮肤和软组织感染治疗的替代药物，但在选择时必须考虑病原体的局部耐药模式。
Background: Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that can be dosed once daily. In the last decade, the body of literature concerning the clinical applications of azithromycin has grown rapidly, leading to improved understanding as well as new questions about the role of this drug in the treatment of adult and pediatric infections.Objective: This review explores the use of azithromycin in the treatment of pediatric infections.Methods: We conducted a MEDLINE literature search to identify pertinent English-language studies of azithromycin published between 1987 and 2001.Results: The use of azithromycin in the treatment of acute Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngotonsillitis, acute otitis media, community-acquired pneumonia, pertussis, skin and soft tissue infections, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), trachoma, typhoid fever, cat-scratch disease, cryptosporidiosis, and legionnaires' disease has been studied in clinical trials.Conclusions: Azithromycin is indicated as a first-line treatment for respiratory tract infections caused by Legionella species, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneumoniae, and as empiric therapy for community acquired pneumonia in older children and adolescents who are deemed appropriate for outpatient oral therapy. Azithromycin in a single dose is an excellent treatment for chlamydia cervicitis/urethritis and for trachoma and has demonstrated efficacy in prophylaxis and treatment of disseminated MAC infections in children who have AIDS. Azithromycin may be considered as an alternative in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections, although local patterns of resistance of pathogens must be considered in its selection.