Category specific deficits in Alzheimer's disease: fact or artefact?
Category specific deficits in Alzheimer's disease: fact or artefact?
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阿尔茨海默病的特定类别缺陷：事实还是人为？
DOI：
10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70690-7
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Diaz-Asper,Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tippett,LynetteJ;Meier,SandraL;Blackwood,Kirsty;Diaz-Asper,Catherine
语义记忆的损伤通常发生在阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）中，但这些损伤是否发生在沿着特定类别的线路上？我们管理的对抗命名任务，包括生活和非生活项目，68个人与AD和59个年龄匹配的对照组参与者，在一项研究中，旨在解决一些影响调查的方法问题的类别效应。在实验1中，刺激匹配的熟悉度和词频，也视觉复杂性，和AD组表现出差异赤字在非生物的东西。然而，在实验2中，生活和非生活刺激相匹配的年龄收购，名称协议，词频，和命名的准确性老年对照组和AD组没有分类障碍。AD组首先被细分为轻度和中度AD，然后被细分为正常或受损的总体命名组，并重新分析表现，但在任何组中仍然没有明显的类别缺陷。聚合的证据提供了跨项目的分层回归，年龄的收购，名称协议和词频的命名性能在轻度和中度AD组的显着预测，但类别不是。在实验3中，刺激项目相匹配的熟悉度和命名准确性的老年人控制时，他们的表现是离上限，并再次没有差异效应的类别被发现，当我们稍微减少如何密切匹配刺激的熟悉度，我们发现了差异损害的AD组的生物。当审查使用不同的刺激集的结果的变化模式，我们得出的结论是，无论是分类障碍的主要决定因素是在AD中发现的刺激属性控制在刺激选择。我们的结论是，AD一般不会导致语义知识的选择性类别损失。
Impairments in semantic memory commonly occur in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) but do these occur along category- specific lines? We administered a confrontation naming task comprising living and nonliving items to 68 individuals with AD and 59 age-matched control participants, in a study designed to address some of the methodological issues affecting investigation of category effects. In Experiment 1, stimuli were matched for familiarity and word frequency and also visual complexity, and the AD group showed a differential deficit in nonliving things. In Experiment 2, however, living and nonliving stimuli were matched for age-of-acquisition, name agreement, word frequency, and naming accuracy of elderly controls and there was no categorical impairment in the AD group. The AD group was subdivided first into mild and moderate AD, and then into normal or impaired overall naming groups and performance was reanalysed, but there was still no significant category deficit in any group. Converging evidence was provided by hierarchical regressions across items, as age-of-acquisition, name agreement and word frequency were significant predictors of naming performance in mild and moderate AD groups, but category was not. In Experiment 3, stimulus items were matched for familiarity and naming accuracy of elderly controls when their performance was off-ceiling, and again no differential effect of category was found. When we reduced slightly how closely matched stimuli were for familiarity we then found a differential impairment in living things in the AD group. When reviewing the changing pattern of results from use of different stimulus sets, we concluded that the main determinant of whether or not a categorical impairment of either sort is found in AD is which stimulus properties are controlled during stimulus selection. We conclude that AD does not generally lead to a selective category loss in semantic knowledge.