Activity of trunk muscles during aquatic and terrestrial locomotion in Ambystoma maculatum
Activity of trunk muscles during aquatic and terrestrial locomotion in Ambystoma maculatum
复制标题
DOI：
10.1242/jeb.032961
复制
发表时间：
2009-09-15
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Schilling, Nadja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deban, Stephen M.;Schilling, Nadja
在成年斑蝾螈（Ambystoma maculatum）游泳以及在水中和陆地上小跑时，在沿躯干的两个部位记录了七块躯干肌肉的活动。一些肌肉表现出的激活模式与游泳时产生侧向弯曲行波以及水中和陆地小跑时产生弯曲驻波的肌肉一致：背肌、外侧肌和内侧肌、外侧直肌和内斜肌。棘间肌表现出发散的模式，并且与其他肌肉异相活动，表明它的功能是保持椎骨稳定而不是侧向弯曲。内斜肌和腹直肌显示出双边活动，表明它们抵消了当大背肌活跃以产生侧向弯曲时产生的躯干矢状伸展。在检查的肌肉中，只有内斜肌表现出明显的功能转变，从游泳时的侧向弯曲到小跑时的长轴扭转阻力。在陆地小跑期间，尽管肌肉激活的时间模式相似，但几块肌肉的肌肉募集量比在水中小跑期间更大，这表明在陆地运动期间躯干因抵抗更大的重力而变得僵硬，而小跑时躯干肌肉的基本功能在不同环境中都是保守的。
The activity of seven trunk muscles was recorded at two sites along the trunk in adult spotted salamander, Ambystoma maculatum, during swimming and during trotting in water and on land. Several muscles showed patterns of activation that are consistent with the muscles producing a traveling wave of lateral bending during swimming and a standing wave of bending during aquatic and terrestrial trotting: the dorsalis trunci, subvertebralis lateralis and medialis, rectus lateralis and obliquus internus. The interspinalis showed a divergent pattern and was active out of phase with the other muscles suggesting that it functions in vertebral stabilization rather than lateral bending. The obliquus internus and rectus abdominis showed bilateral activity indicating that they counteract sagittal extension of the trunk that is produced when the large dorsal muscles are active to produce lateral bending. Of the muscles examined, only the obliquus internus showed a clear shift in function from lateral bending during swimming to resistance of long-axis torsion during trotting. During terrestrial trotting, muscle recruitment was greater in several muscles than during aquatic trotting, despite similar temporal patterns of muscle activation, suggesting that the trunk is stiffened during terrestrial locomotion against greater gravitational forces whereas the basic functions of the trunk muscles in trotting are conserved across environments.