The ascendance of microphysiological systems to solve the drug testing dilemma.
The ascendance of microphysiological systems to solve the drug testing dilemma.
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DOI：
10.4155/fsoa-2017-0002
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Marx U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dehne EM;Hasenberg T;Marx U
药物的开发是一个受到多方面安全性和有效性问题阻碍的过程。尽管动物模型仍被广泛用于满足所需的勤奋，但它们被认为是过时的工具，可预测性有限。新的微生理系统旨在创造人类生物学的系统模型。它们在受控的微环境中承载3D类器官结构的能力，以及机械和电生理刺激，使它们能够创造和维持体内平衡。因此，这些平台被设想为测试和开发药物、化妆品和化学品等物质的优越工具。我们将介绍为什么微生理系统需要满足新兴需求的原因，突出当前的技术和监管障碍，并描述来自主要贡献者的最先进平台的可能解决方案。微生理系统是为微型人体器官的共同培养而构建的装置。它们通常被放置在营养液的连续流中。微生理工具的目的是重塑目前的发展，毒性测试和疗效评估的治疗剂，食品添加剂，化学品和环境污染物。我们即将开始一种模式的转变，从已经建立的、但经常被误导的动物和单一组织培养技术，转向在化合物暴露于人类之前产生其安全性和有效性的预测数据。
The development of drugs is a process obstructed with manifold security and efficacy concerns. Although animal models are still widely used to meet the diligence required, they are regarded as outdated tools with limited predictability. Novel microphysiological systems intend to create systemic models of human biology. Their ability to host 3D organoid constructs in a controlled microenvironment with mechanical and electrophysiological stimuli enables them to create and maintain homeostasis. These platforms are, thus, envisioned to be superior tools for testing and developing substances such as drugs, cosmetics and chemicals. We will present reasons why microphysiological systems are required for the emerging demands, highlight current technological and regulatory obstacles, and depict possible solutions from state-of-the-art platforms from major contributors. Microphysiological systems are devices constructed for the cocultivation of miniaturized human organ equivalents. They are commonly placed into a continuous stream of nutrient solution. The microphysiological tools aim to reshape current development, toxicity testing and efficacy assessment of therapeutic agents, food additives, chemicals and environmental pollutants. We are on the verge of initiating a paradigm shift away from established, but often misleading animal and single tissue culture techniques toward the generation of predictive data for a compound's safety and efficacy prior to its exposure to humans.