Diverse stakeholders and their interests matter to the U.S. Forest Service: a network of action situations analysis of how stakeholders affect forest plan outcomes.
Diverse stakeholders and their interests matter to the U.S. Forest Service: a network of action situations analysis of how stakeholders affect forest plan outcomes.
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不同的利益相关者及其利益对美国林务局很重要：对利益相关者如何影响森林计划结果的行动情境网络进行分析。
DOI：
10.1007/s11625-022-01173-4
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Lien, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baldwin, E;McLaughlin, D. M.;Jasso, V.;Woods, D.;Breshears, D. D.;López-Hoffman, L.;Soto, J. R.;Swann A.;Lien, A.
自20世纪80年代以来，美国林务局（USFS）已经从一个主要专注于木材生产的机构转变为一个专注于娱乐和生态系统管理的机构。这一转变特别引人注目，因为它是在国家森林政策没有发生重大实质性变化的情况下发生的。在此期间，许多国家森林改变了森林规划流程，为公众参与森林规划提供了更多机会，2012年，USFS发布了新的规划规则，将这些做法制度化。在这项研究中，我们问：规划过程如何随着时间的推移而变化，以及这些变化如何影响森林规划结果？为了回答这些问题，我们进行了两个国家森林的比较案例研究-太浩湖流域管理单位和Inyo国家森林-在20世纪80年代和2010年代再次产生森林计划。我们使用行动情景网络（NAS）方法来比较不同时间和不同森林的规划过程。我们发现，除了2012年规则规定的变化外，这两个森林还建立了一系列论坛，让公众参与计划制定和审查，利益攸关方的参与有助于确定森林优先事项。这些发现表明，区域利益相关者的更多参与可能会迫使USFS采取更多的区域方法来应对气候变化和野火风险等挑战。
Since the 1980s, the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) has transformed from an agency predominantly focused on timber production to one focused on recreation and ecosystem management. This shift is particularly remarkable because it occurred without major substantive national forest policy changes. During this period, many national forests changed their forest planning processes in ways that provided greater opportunity for public input into forest plans, and in 2012 the USFS issued new planning rules that institutionalized these practices. In this study, we ask: how has the planning process changed over time, and how have these changes shaped forest plan outcomes? To answer these questions, we conduct a comparative case study of two national forests—the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit and the Inyo National Forest—that produced forest plans in the 1980s and again in the 2010s. We use the Network of Action Situations (NAS) approach to compare planning processes over time and across forests. We find that in addition to the changes mandated by the 2012 rules, both forests developed a series of forums to engage the public in plan development and review, and that increased stakeholder engagement has helped shape forest priorities. These findings suggest that greater involvement by regional stakeholders could pressure the USFS to adopt more regional approaches for addressing challenges like climate change and wildfire risk.