The relation between fault plane solutions for earthquakes and the directions of the principal stresses
The relation between fault plane solutions for earthquakes and the directions of the principal stresses
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发表时间：
1969-04
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
D. McKenzie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. McKenzie
浅层地震所涉及的应力及其沿断层面的发生表明，它们是由于弱平面上的破坏而发生的，而不是由于均质材料的脆性断裂而发生的。检查应力张量的可能方向，以确定断层面解决方案对最大主应力方向的限制。对于三轴应力的一般情况，唯一的限制是该应力方向必须位于包含 P 的象限内，但可以与 P 方向成直角。因此，浅层地震对应力张量的方向施加了一些限制。相比之下，深部地震的断层面解最好用均质材料的断裂来解释，最大主应力向下指向地震带的倾角。
The stresses involved in shallow earthquakes and their occurrence along fault planes suggest that they occur by failure on weak planes, rather than by brittle fracture of a homogeneous material. Possible orientations of the stress tensor are examined to determine what limits fault plane solutions can place on the orientation of the greatest principal stress. For the general case of a triaxial stress, the only restriction is that this stress direction must lie in the quadrant containing P , but may be at right angles to the P direction. Thus shallow earthquakes impose a few limitations on the orientation of the stress tensor. In contrast the fault plane solutions from deep earthquakes are best explained by fracture of a homogeneous material, with the greatest principal stress directed down the dip of the earthquake zone.