Kinematics of the exceptionally-short surge cycles of Sít’ Kusá (Turner Glacier), Alaska, from 1983 to 2013

Kinematics of the exceptionally-short surge cycles of Sít’ Kusá (Turner Glacier), Alaska, from 1983 to 2013
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1983 年至 2013 年阿拉斯加萨塔库萨(特纳冰川)异常短的涌动周期的运动学

DOI:
10.1017/jog.2021.29
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Kreutz, Karl J.
Kreutz, Karl J.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nolan, Andrew;Kochtitzky, William;Enderlin, Ellyn M.;McNabb, Robert;Kreutz, Karl J.

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冰川涌动是物质重新分布的周期性事件,其特征是冰流速度急剧增加,有时甚至是终点前进。我们使用光学卫星图像记录了 1983 年至 2013 年间阿拉斯加圣埃利亚斯山脉 Sít’ Kusá(特纳冰川)发生的五次未经检查的激增事件。激增事件的平均复发间隔约为 5 年,使其成为世界上已知的最短定期复发间隔。浪涌事件似乎在冬季开始,速度高达~25 m d−1。这些涌流在约 2 年的时间里沿着冰川向下传播,导致库区最大减薄约 100 m,而终点处则相应增厚。总的来说,快速的复发间隔、冬季的开始和冰川向下的传播表明,Sít’ Kusá 的激增是由冰下水文和冰川滑动的周期性变化驱动的。对北部支流的海拔变化观测显示,距终点 23 公里处的冰瀑布上方和下方存在运动学脱节。我们认为运动学脱节抑制了冰瀑布上方积累区的下降,从而导致冰稳定流入储库区,并导致冰川的复发间隔异常短。
Glacier surges are periodic episodes of mass redistribution characterized by dramatic increases in ice flow velocity and, sometimes, terminus advance. We use optical satellite imagery to document five previously unexamined surge events of Sít’ Kusá (Turner Glacier) in the St. Elias Mountains of Alaska from 1983 to 2013. Surge events had an average recurrence interval of ~5 years, making it the shortest known regular recurrence interval in the world. Surge events appear to initiate in the winter, with speeds reaching up to ~25 m d−1. The surges propagate down-glacier over ~2 years, resulting in maximum thinning of ~100 m in the reservoir zone and comparable thickening at the terminus. Collectively, the rapid recurrence interval, winter initiation and down-glacier propagation suggest Sít’ Kusá's surges are driven by periodic changes in subglacial hydrology and glacier sliding. Elevation change observations from the northern tributary show a kinematic disconnect above and below an icefall located 23 km from the terminus. We suggest the kinematic disconnect inhibits drawdown from the accumulation zone above the icefall, which leads to a steady flux of ice into the reservoir zone, and contributes to the glacier's exceptionally short recurrence interval.
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