Human actin genes are single copy for alpha-skeletal and alpha-cardiac actin but multicopy for beta- and gamma-cytoskeletal genes: 3' untranslated regions are isotype specific but are conserved in evolution
Human actin genes are single copy for alpha-skeletal and alpha-cardiac actin but multicopy for beta- and gamma-cytoskeletal genes: 3' untranslated regions are isotype specific but are conserved in evolution
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DOI：
10.1128/mcb.3.10.1783-1791.1983
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发表时间：
1983-10
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
P. Ponte;P. Gunning;H. Blau;L. Kedes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Ponte;P. Gunning;H. Blau;L. Kedes
我们已经从α-骨架、α-心脏、β-细胞骨架和γ-细胞骨架肌动蛋白cDNA的3'非翻译区构建了同种型特异性亚克隆。这些克隆已被用作杂交探针来测定人类基因组中这些肌动蛋白同种型的数量和组织。这些探针与人基因组肌动蛋白克隆的杂交（Engel等，Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78：4674-4678，1981; Engel等人，摩尔Cell. 2：674-684，1982）已经允许明确地将基因组克隆分配到同种型定义的肌动蛋白亚家族。此外，只有一个同种型特异性探针杂交到每个肌动蛋白基因，有一个单一的例外。这一结果表明，人类基因组中的多个肌动蛋白基因并不紧密相连。在严格条件下用这些亚克隆探测的基因组DNA印迹表明，α-骨骼和α-心肌肌动蛋白基因是单拷贝的，而细胞骨架肌动蛋白β和γ在人类基因组中以多拷贝存在。其他哺乳动物的大多数肌动蛋白基因也是细胞质的。这些观察结果对多基因家族的进化具有重要意义。
We have constructed isotype-specific subclones from the 3' untranslated regions of alpha-skeletal, alpha-cardiac, beta-cytoskeletal, and gamma-cytoskeletal actin cDNAs. These clones have been used as hybridization probes to assay the number and organization of these actin isotypes in the human genome. Hybridization of these probes to human genomic actin clones (Engel et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:4674-4678, 1981; Engel et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 2:674-684, 1982) has allowed the unambiguous assignment of the genomic clones to isotypically defined actin subfamilies. In addition, only one isotype-specific probe hybridizes to each actin-containing gene, with a single exception. This result suggests that the multiple actin genes in the human genome are not closely linked. Genomic DNA blots probed with these subclones under stringent conditions demonstrate that the alpha-skeletal and alpha-cardiac muscle actin genes are single copy, whereas the cytoskeletal actins, beta and gamma, are present in multiple copies in the human genome. Most of the actin genes of other mammals are cytoplasmic as well. These observations have important implications for the evolution of multigene families.