A marine isotope stage 11 coastal Acheulian workshop with associated wood at Amanzi Springs Area 1, South Africa.
A marine isotope stage 11 coastal Acheulian workshop with associated wood at Amanzi Springs Area 1, South Africa.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0273714
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Caruana, Matthew, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herries, Andy I. R.;Arnold, Lee J.;Boschian, Giovanni;Blackwood, Alexander F.;Wilson, Coen;Mallett, Tom;Armstrong, Brian;Demuro, Martina;Petchey, Fiona;Meredith-Williams, Matthew;Penzo-Kajewski, Paul;Caruana, Matthew, V
阿曼兹温泉是一系列不活跃的温泉，位于南非东开普省的卡列加附近。20世纪60年代的勘探暴露了罕见的、分层的含阿舍利子的矿床，在接下来的50年里没有进一步的研究。对该遗址及其遗留藏品的重新分析为考古学重新定义了地层背景，确认了阿舍利文物和木材之间的直接联系，以及该遗址的第一个可靠年龄估计。热转移光释光和后红外释光测年表明，Amanzi Springs 1区泉眼的阿舍利沉积物形成于404-390 ka的海洋同位素阶段（MIS）11。此时，约13- 14米的高海平面将使阿曼兹泉距离一个可能沿着今天的斯瓦特科普斯河沿着形成的河流约7公里，这可能导致春季重新活跃。这使得Amanzi泉1区组合成为一个不寻常的事件，一个经过验证的晚期发生，向海，露天阿舍利占领。阿舍利层次不包含任何中石器时代（MSA）的元素，如刀片和点，已记录在南非的内部在这个时候。然而，来自人工制品区上层的少量石器（最初被认为是侵入性的）已被测年约为190 ka，位于MIS 7至6之间的过渡处，代表了该地点发现的第一个潜在的MSA。
Amanzi Springs is a series of inactive thermal springs located near Kariega in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Excavations in the 1960s exposed rare, stratified Acheulian-bearing deposits that were not further investigated over the next 50 years. Reanalysis of the site and its legacy collection has led to a redefined stratigraphic context for the archaeology, a confirmed direct association between Acheulian artefacts and wood, as well as the first reliable age estimates for the site. Thermally transferred optically stimulated luminescence and post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence dating indicates that the Acheulian deposits from the Amanzi Springs Area 1 spring eye formed during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 at ~ 404–390 ka. At this time, higher sea levels of ~13-14m would have placed Amanzi Springs around 7 km from a ria that would have formed along what is today the Swartkops River, and which likely led to spring reactivation. This makes the Amanzi Springs Area 1 assemblage an unusual occurrence of a verified late occurring, seaward, open-air Acheulian occupation. The Acheulian levels do not contain any Middle Stone Age (MSA) elements such as blades and points that have been documented in the interior of South Africa at this time. However, a small number of stone tools from the upper layers of the artefact zone, and originally thought of as intrusive, have been dated to ~190 ka, at the transition between MIS 7 to 6, and represent the first potential MSA identified at the site.
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2.2
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