55-year (1960-2015) spatiotemporal shoreline change analysis using historical DISP and Landsat time series data in Shanghai
55-year (1960-2015) spatiotemporal shoreline change analysis using historical DISP and Landsat time series data in Shanghai
复制标题
利用历史DISP和Landsat时间序列数据进行上海55年（1960-2015）岸线时空变化分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.jag.2018.02.009
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Yang Hong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gang Qiao;Huan Mi;Weian Wang;Xiaohua Tong;Zhongbin Li;Tan Li;Shijie Liu;Yang Hong
海岸线变化已成为全世界低洼和脆弱沿海地区日益关注的问题，特别是在河口三角洲地区，这些地区通常具有显著的经济发展、大型人类住区和基础设施。因此，长时间序列的海岸线变化数据对于了解海岸线如何对自然和人为活动作出反应，以及为未来的海岸保护和可持续发展提供更深入的见解是有用的。本研究首次将1960 - 2015年解密情报卫星摄影（DISP）和陆地卫星（Landsat） 5年时间序列数据整合，分析了中国上海55年来的海岸线时空变化。从DISP和Landsat图像中解释了12条海岸线。在研究期内，上海大陆和岛屿岸线的时空变化以5年为间隔进行了研究。结果表明：近55 a来，上海海岸线明显增加，而崇明东滩海岸线的增加模式不同。不同区域的海岸线变化速率不同，其中以崇明北滩、崇明东滩、横沙东滩和南会嘴的扩展最为明显。整个海岸线的长度从1960年的472.6公里增加到2015年的594.2公里，增加了25.7%。由于海岸线的变化，2015年上海面积扩大了1192.5 km(2)，比1960年增加了19.9%。使用数字海岸线分析系统（DSAS）计算变化率统计。1960—2015年，10.6%的样带净岸线移动（NSM）超过3 km，其中横沙岛东部的净岸线移动最大值约为20 km。1960 - 2015年上海岸线平均加权线性回归率（WLR）为52.2 m/yr；94.1%为增生，3.1%为侵蚀，2.8%无明显变化。此外，还详细探讨了岸线变化的驱动力。与相对海平面上升和长江输沙减少等自然因素相比，填海造地和河道工程等人为活动是上海岸线变化的主要原因。
Shoreline change has been an increasing concern for low-lying and vulnerable coastal zones worldwide, especially in estuarine delta regions, which generally have significant economic development, large human settlements and infrastructures. Thus, long time-series shoreline change data are useful for understanding how shorelines respond to natural and anthropogenic activities, as well as for providing greater insights into coastal protection and sustainable development in the future. For the first time, this study analyzes 55 years of spatiotemporal shoreline changes in Shanghai, China, by integrating the historical Declassified Intelligence Satellite Photography (DISP) and Landsat time series data at five-year intervals from 1960 to 2015. Twelve shorelines were interpreted from DISP and Landsat images. The spatiotemporal changes in the shorelines were explored at five-year intervals within the study period for the Shanghai mainland and islands. The results indicate that shorelines in Shanghai accreted significantly over the last 55 years, but different accretion patterns were observed in Chongming Dongtan. The rate of shoreline change varied in different areas, and the most noticeable expansions were Chongming Beitan, Chongming Dongtan, Hengsha Dongtan, and Nanhuizui. The length of the entire shoreline increased by 25.7% from 472.6 km in 1960 to 594.2 km in 2015. Due to the shoreline changes, the Shanghai area expanded by 1,192.5 km(2) by 2015, which was an increase of 19.9% relative to its 1960 area. The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) was used to compute rate-of-change statistics. Between 1960 and 2015, 10.6% of the total transects exceeded 3 km of Net Shoreline Movement (NSM), with a maximum value of approximately 20 km at eastern Hengsha Island. The average Weighted Linear Regression Rate (WLR) of the Shanghai shoreline was 52.2 m/yr from 1960 to 2015; there was 94.1% accretion, 3.1% erosion, and 2.8% with no significant change. In addition, the driving forces of the shoreline changes were also explored in detail. Compared with natural factors, such as relative Sea Level Rise (SLR) and the reduction in sediment loading from the Yangtze River, anthropogenic activities that include land reclamation and channel projects are the primary causes of the shoreline changes in Shanghai.