Organic manure input and straw cover improved the community structure of nitrogen cycle function microorganism driven by water erosion
Organic manure input and straw cover improved the community structure of nitrogen cycle function microorganism driven by water erosion
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DOI：
10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.03.005
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Yulong Shi;Qingwen Zhang;Xingren Liu;Xuekai Jing;Chang Shi;Li Zheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yulong Shi;Qingwen Zhang;Xingren Liu;Xuekai Jing;Chang Shi;Li Zheng
水蚀过程导致土壤氮功能微生物群落结构的差异，是土壤-水界面关键氮过程的驱动力。然而，与水蚀相关的土壤氮转化如何受到微生物的影响，以及微生物如何响应，仍然不清楚。研究了施用有机肥和秸秆覆盖条件下，水蚀对土壤氮循环功能微生物多样性和群落结构的影响。在等氮替代的基础上，设置了4个处理：1）单施化肥，N 150 kg ha−1，P2 O 560 kg ha− 1，K2 O 90 kg ha−1（CK）; 2）有机肥（OM）、3）秸秆（SW）和4）有机肥+秸秆（1：1）（OMSW）替代20%的N。结果表明，坡耕地施用有机肥和秸秆均能提高土壤氮素含量，但减少了径流深、径流量、产沙量和氮素流失量，尤其是有机垃圾。秸秆覆盖和秸秆+有机肥提高了有机垃圾中硝化细菌（AOB）的多样性（Chao 1），提高了硝化细菌（nirK/S）的多样性和均匀性（Shannon）。所有措施均降低了土壤中固氮菌的多样性，提高了其均匀性，有机肥与秸秆覆盖配施是一种较好的土壤侵蚀控制措施。土壤化学性质的改善和土壤可蚀性的提高是氮功能微生物群落结构变化和不同有机质优势菌群出现的主要驱动力。
Water erosion process induces differences to the nitrogen (N) functional microbial community structure, which is the driving force to key N processes at soil-water interface. However, how the soil N transformations associated with water erosion is affected by microorganisms, and how the microbial respond, are still unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate the changes of microbial diversity and community structure of the N-cycle function microorganisms as affected by water erosion under application of organic manure and straw cover. On the basis of iso-nitrogen substitution, four treatments were set up: 1) only chemical fertilizer with N 150 kg ha−1, P2O560 kg ha−1and K2O 90 kg ha−1(CK); the N was substituted 20% by 2) organic manure (OM); 3) straw (SW); and 4) organic manure + straw (1:1) (OMSW). The results showed that applying organic manure and straw to sloping farmland can increase soil N contents, but reduce runoff depth,Kw, sediment yield and N loss, especially in the OMSW. Straw cover and straw + organic manure increased the diversity (Chao1) of nitrifier (AOB), and both diversity and uniformity (Shannon) of denitrifier (nirK/S) were increased in the OMSW. All erosion control measures reduced N-fixing bacteria diversity and increased their uniformity, and the combined application of organic manure and straw cover was a better erosion control measure than the single application of them. Improved soil chemistry and erodibility were the main drives for the changes of N-functional microbial community structure and the appearance of dominant bacteria with different organic materials.