Temperature-dependent growth and behavior of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) and co-occurring North Pacific gadids
Temperature-dependent growth and behavior of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) and co-occurring North Pacific gadids
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北极鳕鱼幼鱼 (Boreogadus saida) 和共存的北太平洋鳕鱼的温度依赖性生长和行为
DOI：
10.1007/s00300-015-1761-5
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
L. Copeman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Laurel;M. Spencer;Paul Iseri;L. Copeman
人们对北极鱼类的热敏性知之甚少，但这些数据是预测和理解气候变化对生态系统影响的关键组成部分。在这项研究中，我们通过实验测量了两种北极鳕鱼（北极鳕鱼，Boreogadus saida和红花鳕鱼，Eleginus gracilis）和两种北太平洋鳕鱼（walleye pollock， Gadus chalcogrammus和太平洋鳕鱼，Gadus macrocephalus）在6周的生长期间（0、5、9、16和20°C）的温度依赖性生长和日常游泳活动。北极鳕鱼表现出冷水、慢热反应，在0°C时生长相对较高（0.73% day - 1），在5°C时生长接近峰值（1.35% day - 1），在16°C时对活性、生长和存活有负面影响。相比之下，藏红花鳕鱼表现出温暖的水，全温反应，温度对16°C以上的生长和条件有积极影响。然而，尽管有这些明显的热响应，在高于5°C的相对较宽的温度范围内，狭鳕和太平洋鳕鱼的生长速度比北极鳕鱼快2-3倍。这些结果，再加上太平洋鳕鱼和白眼鳕鱼可能向北扩张，表明北极鳕鱼极易受到北极持续气候变化的影响，尤其是在波弗特海和楚科奇海的沿海地区，那里的夏季生长期温度已经超过14°C。
The thermal sensitivity of Arctic fish species is poorly understood, yet such data are a critical component of forecasting and understanding ecosystem impacts of climate change. In this study, we experimentally measured temperature-dependent growth and routine swim activity in the juvenile stage of two Arctic gadids (Arctic cod, Boreogadus saida and saffron cod, Eleginus gracilis) and two North Pacific gadids (walleye pollock, Gadus chalcogrammus and Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus) over a 6-week growth period across five temperatures (0, 5, 9, 16 and 20 °C). Arctic cod demonstrated a cold-water, stenothermic response in that there was relatively high growth at 0 °C (0.73 % day−1), near-maximal growth at 5 °C (1.35 % day−1) and negative impacts on activity, growth and survival at 16 °C. In contrast, saffron cod demonstrated a warmer-water, eurythermic response, and temperature had a positive effect on growth and condition beyond 16 °C. However, despite these distinct thermal responses, walleye pollock and Pacific cod grew 2–3 times faster than Arctic gadids across a relatively broad temperature range above 5 °C. These results, coupled with possible northward expansion by both Pacific cod and walleye pollock, suggest Arctic cod are highly vulnerable to continued climate change in the Arctic, especially in coastal areas of the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas where temperatures already exceed 14 °C in the summer growth period.