Low Prevalence Search for Cancers in Mammograms: Evidence Using Laboratory Experiments and Computer Aided Detection
Low Prevalence Search for Cancers in Mammograms: Evidence Using Laboratory Experiments and Computer Aided Detection
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DOI：
10.1037/xap0000132
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wolska, Julia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kunar, Melina A.;Watson, Derrick G.;Wolska, Julia
当目标很少出现时，人们会错过很大一部分目标。这种低患病率(LP)效应如果发生在现实世界中寻找乳房X光检查中的癌症的任务中，可能会导致严重的后果。使用一种新的乳房X光照片搜索任务，我们要求参与者在高患病率或低患病率条件下搜索预先指定的癌症(实验1-2)或一系列肿块(实验3-5)。实验1表明，在使用这些刺激时，出现了LP效应。实验2检验了过度依赖假说，并表明计算机辅助检测(CAD)的使用导致了较少的癌症在有效的CAD提示下被遗漏，但当CAD不正确时，很大比例的癌症被遗漏。实验3-5表明，当搜索一定范围的质量时，错误警报也会增加，当CAD正确提示目标时，它减少了错过错误，但当它没有提示目标时，它增加了错过错误和错误警报。此外，当肿块落在CAD提示之外时，它更有可能被错误识别。当人们被要求搜索一系列目标时，没有观察到添加CAD的LP效应。讨论了乳房X光检查的理论和意义。
People miss a large proportion of targets when they only appear rarely. This Low Prevalence (LP) Effect could lead to serious consequences if it occurred in the real-world task of searching for cancers in mammograms. Using a novel mammogram search task, we asked participants to search for a prespecified cancer (Experiments 1-2) or a range of masses (Experiments 3-5) under high or low prevalence conditions. Experiment 1 showed that an LP Effect occurred using these stimuli. Experiment 2 tested an overreliance hypothesis and showed that the use of Computer Aided Detection (CAD) led to fewer missed cancers with a valid CAD prompt yet, a large proportion of cancers were missed when CAD was incorrect. Experiment 3-5 showed that false alarms also increased when searching for a range of masses and that CAD reduced miss errors when it correctly cued the target but increased miss errors and false alarms when it did not. Furthermore, when a mass fell outside the CAD prompt it was more likely to be misidentified. No LP Effect was observed with the addition of CAD when people were asked to search for a range of targets. Theories and implications for mammogram search are discussed.