Total grain size distribution of an intense Hawaiian fountaining event: case study of the 1959 Kīlauea Iki eruption
Total grain size distribution of an intense Hawaiian fountaining event: case study of the 1959 Kīlauea Iki eruption
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夏威夷强烈喷水事件的总粒度分布：1959 年基拉韦厄艾基火山喷发的案例研究
DOI：
10.1007/s00445-019-1304-y
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
S. Fagents
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Mueller;B. Houghton;D. Swanson;M. Poret;S. Fagents
1959年夏威夷岛上的Kallauea伊基火山爆发是夏威夷强大喷泉的主要例子。在36天（包括休眠期）内，16次喷发形成了一个小圆锥体，一个约0.003立方公里的顺风火山灰毯和一个约0.04立方公里的熔岩湖。在爆炸活动期间，喷泉最高高度达到600米。基于超过450个火山灰粒度样品的数据集，我们提出了一个总的粒度分布（TGSD）的整个顺风火山灰存款，也TGSDs两个喷发亚基（开放和关闭阶段）。开放阶段的特点是持续喷泉超过8天，喷泉高度平均100米;相反，关闭阶段的特点是两个短（小时长），但强大的喷泉插曲（高达600米）。不同的喷泉强度反映在TGSD的特征。对于最后阶段，我们链接双峰的TGSDs的弹道和沉降物的对流云，这两者都是最大喷泉高度的函数的同时沉积的时期。1959年的Koblauea伊基的案例研究提出了一个很好的约束套TGSD数据与夏威夷式喷泉的两个对比强度，并可以作为一个有价值的参考点，在未来的建模火山碎屑扩散在夏威夷喷泉喷发喷发的喷发源参数。
The 1959 eruption of Kīlauea Iki on the Island of Hawai’i is a principal example of powerful Hawaiian fountaining. Over 36 days (including repose periods), 16 fountaining episodes created a small cone, a downwind tephra blanket of approximately 0.003 km3 and a lava lake of about 0.04 km3 volume. During the explosive activity, the maximum fountain heights reached 600 m. Based on a dataset of more than 450 tephra grain size samples, we present both a total grain size distribution (TGSD) of the entire downwind tephra deposit, and also TGSDs for two eruptive subunits (the opening and the closing stages). The opening stage was characterized by persistent fountaining over a period of 8 days with fountain heights averaging ∼ 100 m; in contrast, the closing stage was characterized by two short (hours-long) but powerful fountaining episodes (up to 600 m). The significantly different fountaining intensities are reflected in the characteristics of the TGSDs. For the closing stages, we link bimodality of TGSDs to periods of simultaneous deposition of ballistics and fallout from the convective cloud, both of which are a function of the maximum fountain height. The 1959 Kīlauea Iki case study presents a well-constrained set of TGSD data linked with Hawaiian-style fountaining of two contrasting intensities and can be used as a valuable reference point for eruption source parameters in future modeling of pyroclast dispersal during Hawaiian fountaining eruptions.
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Corradini, Stefano;Spinetti, Claudia;Gangale, Gabriele
通讯作者：
Gangale, Gabriele