Syncytium-inhibiting and neutralizing activity in maternal sera fail to prevent vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Syncytium-inhibiting and neutralizing activity in maternal sera fail to prevent vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
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母体血清中的合胞体抑制和中和活性无法阻止 1 型人类免疫缺陷病毒的垂直传播。
DOI：
10.1097/00006454-199604000-00007
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Andiman,WA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bal,AK;Miller,G;Viscarello,R;Andiman,WA
目的检测分娩前后母亲血液中HIV-1合体抑制抗体(SI)和中和抗体(NT)的流行率和滴度，并与其子女的感染状况进行相关性分析。对其子女的HIV-1感染状况进行检测。45%的女性传播了病毒，55%的女性没有将感染传染给她们的后代。这些母亲的后代的脐带血样本也被研究了。我们测量了母亲对感染HIV-1/SB的细胞的SI抗体效价，HIV-1/SB是从纽黑文传播的母亲身上分离出来的毒株，以及感染更流行的HIV-1 MN毒株的细胞。我们在11个匹配的母血和脐带血样本中比较了SI抗体效价和SB菌株。结果使用HIV-1的SB株和MN株，在传播者和非传播者的血清中，SI抗体的流行率和滴度没有差异。只有35%的样本与两种毒株的SI抗体的存在或不存在相一致。此外，脐带血中SI抗体的存在与否与病毒传播无关。传播感染的母亲血清中抗HIV-1/SB的NT抗体的出现频率和滴度均高于未传播感染的母亲。仅有一半的孕妇血液标本中存在或不存在SI和NT抗体。结论我们不能证明孕妇血清中存在两种HIV-1功能性抗体(SI和NT)与垂直传播之间的相关性。通过疫苗或高免疫球蛋白免疫在受感染母亲中诱导或增加这种抗体的努力可能不会改变垂直传播的风险。
ObjectivesTo measure the prevalence and titers of syncytium-inhibiting (SI) and neutralizing (Nt) antibodies to HIV-1 in mothers' blood close to the time of delivery and to correlate such findings with the infection status of their offspring.MethodsWe analyzed serum specimens from a convenience sample of 22 HIV-infected mothers. The HIV-1 infection status of their children was determined. Forty-five percent of the women transmitted and 55% did not transmit infection to their offspring. Cord blood samples from offspring of the mothers were also studied. We measured maternal SI antibody titers against cells infected with HIV-1/SB, a strain isolated from a transmitting mother in New Haven, as well as cells infected with the more prevalent MN strain of HIV-1. We compared SI antibody titers to the SB strain in 11 matched maternal and cord blood samples. Nt antibody titers to HIV-1/SB were also measured in 20 maternal sera.ResultsUsing the SB and MN strains of HIV-1, we found no difference in the prevalence or titer of SI antibody in the sera of transmitting and nontransmitting mothers. Only 35% of samples were concordant for presence or absence of SI antibody to the two strains. Furthermore the presence or absence of SI antibody in cord blood did not correlate with virus transmission. Both the frequency and titer of Nt antibody to HIV-1/SB were higher in the sera of mothers who transmitted infection when compared to those who did not. Only one-half of maternal blood samples were concordant for either the presence or absence of SI and Nt antibodies.ConclusionsWe could not demonstrate a correlation between the presence of two types of functional antibodies (ie SI and Nt) to HIV-1 in the sera of pregnant women and vertical transmission. Efforts to induce or to increase such antibodies in infected mothers by immunization with vaccines or hyperimmune globulins may not alter the risk of vertical transmission.