Biological Practices and Fields, Missing Pieces of the Biomimetics' Methodological Puzzle.

Biological Practices and Fields, Missing Pieces of the Biomimetics' Methodological Puzzle.
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生物实践和田野,缺少仿生物的方法论难题。

DOI:
10.3390/biomimetics5040062
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发表时间:
2020-11-18
期刊:
Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Aoussat A
Aoussat A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Graeff E;Maranzana N;Aoussat A

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面对当前的仿生学障碍,最近的研究支持在仿生团队中整合具有生物学知识和专有技术的新演员。在本文中,这个演员被称为“仿生学家”。然而,尽管生物学在针对仿生学的方法论文献中通常被认为是一个同质的整体,但它实际上聚集了根本不同的领域。这些领域中的每一个都是围绕特定的实践、工具和推理而构建的。基于这一观察,我们想知道哪些知识和技能,以及生物学领域,应该成为仿生学家的特征。遵循设计研究方法论,本文探讨了两个生物领域的业务整合,即生态学和遗传学,作为建立仿生学家的生物工具和实践的起点。在确定具体需求和潜在概念桥梁的描述性阶段之后,我们提出了在研究的规定性阶段在仿生过程中应用生物专业知识的各种方法。最后,我们讨论了目前的局限性和未来的研究方向。
Facing current biomimetics impediments, recent studies have supported the integration within biomimetic teams of a new actor having biological knowledge and know-how. This actor is referred to as the “biomimetician” in this article. However, whereas biology is often considered a homogenous whole in the methodological literature targeting biomimetics, it actually gathers fundamentally different fields. Each of these fields is structured around specific practices, tools, and reasoning. Based on this observation, we wondered which knowledge and know-how, and so biological fields, should characterize biomimeticians. Following the design research methodology, this article thus investigates the operational integration of two biological fields, namely ecology and phylogenetics, as a starting point in the establishment of the biomimetician’s biological tools and practices. After a descriptive phase identifying specific needs and potential conceptual bridges, we presented various ways of applying biological expertise during biomimetic processes in the prescriptive phase of the study. Finally, we discussed current limitations and future research axes.
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