THE PROBLEM OF SYMMETRY BREAKING AND IN VARIANCE OF THE VACUUM IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
THE PROBLEM OF SYMMETRY BREAKING AND IN VARIANCE OF THE VACUUM IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
复制标题
量子场论中真空对称破缺和不变性问题
DOI：
10.1070/pu1971v013n06abeh004282
复制
发表时间：
1971
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
V. M. Maksimov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Grib;E. V. Damaskinskii;V. M. Maksimov
本综述主要讨论基本粒子理论和多体理论中的对称性破缺问题。有必要对量子场论中的对称性问题进行专门研究，因为在过去十年中，人们发现量子场论和量子力学中的对称性之间存在本质差异。这些差异是由于场论中考虑的系统具有无限个自由度这一事实造成的。在量子力学中，对称变换总是将希尔伯特状态空间的任何向量转换为同一空间的向量。由于期望值守恒，这种变换是单一的。哈密顿量的不变性总是导致相应的选择规则和守恒定律的存在。
THIS review is devoted to the problem of symmetry breaking in elementary-particle theory and many-body theory. A special examination of the problem of symmetry in quantum field theory is necessary, since during the last decade essential differences have been found between the symmetry properties in quantum field theory and in quantum mechanics. These differences are due to the fact that the systems considered in field theory have an infinite number of degrees of freedom. In quantum mechanics a symmetry transformation always carries any vector of the Hilbert space of states into a vector of this same space. Because of the conservation of expectation values this transformation is unitary. An invariance of the Hamiltonian then always leads to the existence of corresponding selection rules and conservation laws.