Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity Predict Retrieval-Induced Forgetting
Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity Predict Retrieval-Induced Forgetting
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DOI：
10.1037/a0021324
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Baeuml, Karl-Heinz T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aslan, Alp;Baeuml, Karl-Heinz T.
选择性地检索先前研究的信息的子集增强了对检索的信息的记忆，但会导致忘记相关的、未检索的信息。这种提取诱导的遗忘(RIF)通常被归因于抑制性执行控制过程，该过程被认为抑制了未被提取的项目的记忆表征。在这里，我们研究了工作记忆容量(WMC)在年轻人RIF中的作用。采用操作广度任务对WMC进行评估。结果显示WMC与RIF呈正相关，高WMC个体比低WMC个体表现出更多的RIF。相比之下，无论WMC如何，个体对检索到的信息都表现出更强的记忆力。这一结果与之前的个体差异工作一致，表明WMC和抑制效率之间存在密切联系。特别是，这一发现支持了RIF的抑制性执行控制解释。
Selectively retrieving a subset of previously studied information enhances memory for the retrieved information but causes forgetting of related, nonretrieved information. Such retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) has often been attributed to inhibitory executive-control processes that supposedly suppress the nonretrieved items' memory representation. Here, we examined the role of working memory capacity (WMC) in young adults' RIF. WMC was assessed by means of the operation span task. Results revealed a positive relationship between WMC and RIF, with high-WMC individuals showing more RIF than low-WMC individuals. In contrast, individuals showed enhanced memory for retrieved information regardless of WMC. The results are consistent with previous individual-differences work that suggests a close link between WMC and inhibitory efficiency. In particular, the finding supports the inhibitory executive-control account of RIF.