Whales, fish and Alaskan bears: interest-relative taxonomy and kind pluralism in biology
Whales, fish and Alaskan bears: interest-relative taxonomy and kind pluralism in biology
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11229-019-02284-9
复制
发表时间：
2019-06
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Henry Taylor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henry Taylor
本文使用两个案例研究来探索一种利益相关的分类学观点，以及它如何补充生物学中的种类多元化。首先，我以ABC岛熊为例，它可以被正确地归类为不止一个物种。我认为，这种分类的多元性可以通过参考生物学中可供选择的解释兴趣的范围来解释。在论文的后半部分，我更广泛地追求利益相关的分类观点。然后，我将得出的观点应用于第二个案例研究：鲸鱼是否是鱼。我认为，这个问题并不像人们所假设的那样，是关于科学用法与民间用法的问题。我还提出了一个新的观点：无论是从生物科学的角度，还是从民间分类学的角度，都应该拒绝将鱼类作为一个类别。在这个过程中，我使用利益相关的观点来阐明在什么情况下高等类群应该被接受为生物科学的合法类别。
This paper uses two case studies to explore an interest-relative view of taxonomy and how it complements kind pluralism in biology. First, I consider the ABC island bear, which can be correctly classified into more than one species. I argue that this classificatory pluralism can be explained by reference to the range of alternative explanatory interests in biology. In the second half of the paper, I pursue an interest-relative view of classification more generally. I then apply the resultant view to a second case study: whether whales are fish. I argue that this question is not one about scientific vs folk usage, as has been assumed. I also develop a new view: thatFishshould be rejected as a category, both from the point of view of biological science, and from the point of view of folk taxonomy. Along the way, I use the interest-relative view to shed light on the circumstances under which higher taxa should be accepted as legitimate categories for biological science.