Impacts of freeway traffic conditions on in-vehicle exposure to ultrafine particulate matter
Impacts of freeway traffic conditions on in-vehicle exposure to ultrafine particulate matter
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.020
复制
发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Figliozzi, Miguel A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bigazzi, Alexander Y.;Figliozzi, Miguel A.
有证据表明，人类暴露于与交通有关的超细颗粒物污染会对健康产生不利影响。随着越来越多的通勤者在车内花费大量的日常时间，研究车辆微环境中有害污染物的暴露水平越来越重要。这项研究是联合收割机结合详细的高速公路交通数据（以20秒的时间间隔）和车内超细颗粒物（UFP）暴露数据在不同的车辆通风条件下的第一个研究工作之一。结果表明，由于交通速度与密度呈负相关关系，交通状态对车内UFP浓度的影响虽小但显著，在高交通流高速度或高交通密度低速条件下影响最大。车舱屏障效应是车内暴露浓度的主要决定因素，车窗关闭时提供15%的保护，车窗打开和通风口打开时提供47%的保护，车窗打开和通风口关闭时提供83-90%的保护（空调打开时更多）。这项研究的独特结果包括通风对UFP的交通效应的主导地位，以及交通变量和UFP浓度之间的非线性关系。这项研究的结果具有重要的影响，暴露建模和潜在的暴露缓解策略。(c)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
There is evidence of adverse health impacts from human exposure to traffic-related ultrafine particulate matter pollution. As more commuters are spending a significant portion of their daily routine inside vehicles, it is increasingly relevant to study exposure levels to harmful pollutants inside the vehicle microenvironment. This study is one of the first research efforts to combine detailed freeway traffic data (at 20 s intervals) and in-vehicle ultrafine particulate (UFP) exposure data under varying vehicle ventilation conditions. Results show that due to negative correlation between traffic speed and density, traffic states have a small but significant impact on in-vehicle UFP concentrations, highest in high traffic flowhigh speed conditions or in high traffic density-low speed conditions. Vehicle cabin barrier effects are the primary determinant of in-vehicle exposure concentrations, providing 15% protection with the windows down, 47% protection with the windows up and the vent open, and 83-90% protection with the windows up and the vent closed (more with the air conditioning on). Unique results from this study include the dominance of ventilation over traffic effects on UFP and the non-linear relationships between traffic variables and UFP concentrations. The results of this research have important implications for exposure modeling and potential exposure mitigation strategies. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.