Criteria and classification of obesity in Japan and Asia-Oceania
Criteria and classification of obesity in Japan and Asia-Oceania
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1440-6047.11.s8.19.x
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Inoue, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kanazawa, M;Yoshiike, N;Inoue, S
1997年，当世卫组织发起成立国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）时，工作组提出超重和肥胖的分界线分别为BMI 25和BMI 30。如果我们接受BMI大于或等于30的标准来表示肥胖，那么在过去40年中，日本的肥胖患病率不到3%，似乎变化不大，我们无法解释糖尿病、高血压和高脂血症等与肥胖相关的慢性疾病发病率迅速增加的原因。因此，JASSO决定将BMI大于或等于25定义为肥胖。已提议在亚洲-大洋洲区域使用这一临界值，世卫组织西太平洋区域注意到这一提议。根据这一标准，日本的肥胖率平均为20%，30岁以上的男性和40岁以上的女性高达30%。因此，在过去的40年里，男性的死亡率增加了四倍，女性增加了三倍。是什么原因导致日本肥胖症患病率上升？肥胖的几个原因已经提出：（i）暴饮暴食（ii）饮食模式的错误（iii）不活动（iv）遗传，以及（v）产热障碍。暴食和缺乏运动是肥胖的两个主要危险因素。摄食过多可能是个体的一个重要因素。然而，日本成年人的平均能量摄入量并没有增加;事实上，在这40年中，它已经下降（2104千卡/天至1967千卡/天）。如上所述，在此期间，肥胖的患病率增加了三倍或更多。这表明，不活动可能是日本肥胖症发病率增加的主要原因。饮食模式错误（不规律进食、夜间进食等），包括脂肪在总能量摄入中的高比例（8.7%上升至26.5%），以及β 3-肾上腺素能多态性的高发病率，也可能导致日本肥胖症发病率的增加。1997年WHO发起成立国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）时，工作组提出超重和肥胖的分界线为BMI 25和BMI 30，分别如果我们接受BMI的标准！30表明肥胖，似乎在过去40年中，日本的肥胖患病率不到3%，变化不大，我们无法解释糖尿病、高血压和高脂血症等与肥胖相关的慢性疾病发病率的迅速增加。因此，JASSO决定将BMI大于或等于25定义为肥胖。已提议在亚洲-大洋洲区域使用这一临界值，世卫组织西太平洋区域注意到这一提议。根据这一标准，日本的肥胖率平均为20%，30岁以上的男性和40岁以上的女性高达30%。因此，在过去的40年里，男性的死亡率增加了四倍，女性增加了三倍。是什么导致日本肥胖患病率上升？肥胖的几个原因已经提出：（i）暴饮暴食（ii）饮食模式的错误（iii）不活动（iv）遗传，以及（v）产热障碍。暴食和缺乏运动是肥胖的两个主要危险因素。摄食过多可能是个体的一个重要因素。然而，日本成年人的平均能量摄入量并没有增加;事实上，在这40年中，它已经下降（2104千卡/天至1967千卡/天）。如上所述，在此期间，肥胖的患病率增加了三倍或更多。这表明，不活动可能是日本肥胖症发病率增加的主要原因。饮食模式错误（不规律进食、夜间进食等），包括脂肪在总能量摄入中的高比例（8.7%上升至26.5%），以及β 3-肾上腺素能多态性的高发病率，也可能导致日本肥胖症发病率的增加。1997年WHO发起成立国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）时，工作组提出超重和肥胖的分界线为BMI 25和BMI 30，分别如果我们接受BMI大于等于30作为肥胖的标准，那么在过去的40年里，日本的肥胖患病率不到3%，似乎变化不大，我们无法解释糖尿病、高血压和高脂血症等与肥胖相关的慢性疾病发病率的迅速增加。因此，JASSO决定定义BMI？25、肥胖已提议在亚洲-大洋洲区域使用这一临界值，世卫组织西太平洋区域注意到这一提议。根据这一标准，日本的肥胖率平均为20%，30岁以上的男性和40岁以上的女性高达30%。因此，在过去的40年里，男性的死亡率增加了四倍，女性增加了三倍。是什么原因导致日本肥胖症患病率上升？肥胖的几个原因已经提出：（i）暴饮暴食（ii）饮食模式的错误（iii）不活动（iv）遗传，以及（v）产热障碍。暴食和缺乏运动是肥胖的两个主要危险因素。摄食过多可能是个体的一个重要因素。然而，日本成年人的平均能量摄入量并没有增加;事实上，在这40年中，它已经下降（2104千卡/天至1967千卡/天）。如上所述，在此期间，肥胖的患病率增加了三倍或更多。这表明，不活动可能是日本肥胖症发病率增加的主要原因。饮食模式错误（不规律进食、夜间进食等），包括脂肪在总能量摄入中的高比例（8.7%增加到26.5%），以及β 3-肾上腺素能多态性的高发生率，也可能导致日本肥胖症发病率的增加。
In 1997 when WHO initiated the formation of the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), the Task Force proposed the cut-offs for overweight and obesity as BMI 25 and BMI 30, respectively. If we accept the criteria of BMI greater than or equal to30 to indicate obesity, it would appear that the prevalence of obesity in Japan of less than 3% has changed little during the last 40 years, and we cannot explain the rapid increase in incidence of obesity-associated chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Thus, JASSO decided to define BMI greater than or equal to 25 as obesity. This cut-off has been proposed for use in the Asia-Oceania Region, and WHO Western Pacific Region noted this proposal. According to this criterion the prevalence of obesity in Japan would average 20%, with a high of 30% in men over 30 years old, and women over 40 years old. Thus the rates would have increased four times in men and three times in women during these last 40 years. What has caused the increased prevalence of obesity in Japan? Several causes of obesity have been advanced: (i) overeating (ii) errors of eating pattern (iii) inactivity (iv) heredity, and (v) disturbance in thermogenesis. Hyperphagia and inactivity are two major risk factors for obesity. Hyperphagia may be an important factor in individuals. However, the average energy intake in adult people in Japan has not increased; in fact it has declined (2104 kcal/day to 1967 kcal/day) during these 40 years. During this period, the prevalence of obesity has increased three or more times as mentioned above. This indicates that inactivity may be the main cause for the increased incidence of obesity in Japan. Errors of eating pattern (irregular eating, night eating, etc.), including a high proportion of fat to total energy intake (8.7% increased to 26.5%), and a high incidence of beta 3-adrenergic polymorphism, might also have contributed to the increased incidence of obesity in Japan.In 1997 when WHO initiated the formation of the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), the Task Force proposed the cut-offs for overweight and obesity as BMI 25 and BMI 30, respectively. If we accept the criteria of BMI ! 30 to indicate obesity, it would appear that the prevalence of obesity in Japan of less than 3% has changed little during the last 40 years, and we cannot explain the rapid increase in incidence of obesity-associated chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Thus, JASSO decided to define BMI greater than or equal to 25 as obesity. This cut-off has been proposed for use in the Asia-Oceania Region, and WHO Western Pacific Region noted this proposal. According to this criterion the prevalence of obesity in Japan would average 20%, with a high of 30% in men over 30 years old, and women over 40 years old. Thus the rates would have increased four times in men and three times in women during these last 40 years. What has caused the increased prevalence of obesity in Japan? Several causes of obesity have been advanced: (i) overeating (ii) errors of eating pattern (iii) inactivity (iv) heredity, and (v) disturbance in thermogenesis. Hyperphagia and inactivity are two major risk factors for obesity. Hyperphagia may be an important factor in individuals. However, the average energy intake in adult people in Japan has not increased; in fact it has declined (2104 kcal/day to 1967 kcal/day) during these 40 years. During this period, the prevalence of obesity has increased three or more times as mentioned above. This indicates that inactivity may be the main cause for the increased incidence of obesity in Japan. Errors of eating pattern (irregular eating, night eating, etc.), including a high proportion of fat to total energy intake (8.7% increased to 26.5%), and a high incidence of beta 3-adrenergic polymorphism, might also have contributed to the increased incidence of obesity in Japan.In 1997 when WHO initiated the formation of the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), the Task Force proposed the cut-offs for overweight and obesity as BMI 25 and BMI 30, respectively. If we accept the criteria of BMI greater than or equal to 30 to indicate obesity, it would appear that the prevalence of obesity in Japan of less than 3% has changed little during the last 40 years, and we cannot explain the rapid increase in incidence of obesity-associated chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Thus, JASSO decided to define BMI? 25 as obesity. This cut-off has been proposed for use in the Asia-Oceania Region, and WHO Western Pacific Region noted this proposal. According to this criterion the prevalence of obesity in Japan would average 20%, with a high of 30% in men over 30 years old, and women over 40 years old. Thus the rates would have increased four times in men and three times in women during these last 40 years. What has caused the increased prevalence of obesity in Japan? Several causes of obesity have been advanced: (i) overeating (ii) errors of eating pattern (iii) inactivity (iv) heredity, and (v) disturbance in thermogenesis. Hyperphagia and inactivity are two major risk factors for obesity. Hyperphagia may be an important factor in individuals. However, the average energy intake in adult people in Japan has not increased; in fact it has declined (2104 kcal/day to 1967 kcal/day) during these 40 years. During this period, the prevalence of obesity has increased three or more times as mentioned above. This indicates that inactivity may be the main cause for the increased incidence of obesity in Japan. Errors of eating pattern (irregular eating, night eating, etc.), including a high proportion of fat to total energy intake (8.7% increased to 26.5%), and a high incidence of beta 3-adrenergic polymorphism, might also have contributed to the increased incidence of obesity in Japan.