Dissociable Neural Modulation Underlying Lasting First Impressions, Changing Your Mind for the Better, and Changing It for the Worse
Dissociable Neural Modulation Underlying Lasting First Impressions, Changing Your Mind for the Better, and Changing It for the Worse
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5634-12.2013
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发表时间：
2013-05-29
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Beer, Jennifer S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhanji, Jamil P.;Beer, Jennifer S.
没有吸引力的求职者在面试时会面临不利条件。雇主的评估是由候选人的身体吸引力，即使他们考虑到工作面试的表现。这个例子说明了关于人类社会评价的神经基础的未探索的问题。哪些神经区域支持最初印象的持久影响（即使在了解某人之后）？大脑如何处理改变我们对某人看法的信息？求职者的能力是通过照片和面试片段来评估的。左外侧眶额皮层调制作为初始反应的警告信号，即使考虑到额外的信息，初始反应最终也会破坏评估。改变对应聘者看法的神经基础并不是简单地计算面试中肯定能力的信息量。相反，在神经层面上，看到一个更好的候选人与看到一个更差的候选人是有区别的。而杏仁核调制标志着极端的评价变化，有利的印象变化还借鉴了外侧前额叶皮层的参数调制和不利的印象变化还借鉴了内侧前额叶皮层，颞叶皮层和纹状体的参数调制。将社会评价作为一个动态过程（而不是一次性印象）进行研究，可以为社会评价的神经基础描绘一幅新的图景，并突出显示部分可分离的过程，这些过程有助于改变你对某人的看法，无论是好是坏。
Unattractive job candidates face a disadvantage when interviewing for a job. Employers' evaluations are colored by the candidate's physical attractiveness even when they take job interview performance into account. This example illustrates unexplored questions about the neural basis of social evaluation in humans. What neural regions support the lasting effects of initial impressions (even after getting to know someone)? How does the brain process information that changes our minds about someone? Job candidates' competence was evaluated from photographs and again after seeing snippets of job interviews. Left lateral orbitofrontal cortex modulation serves as a warning signal for initial reactions that ultimately undermine evaluations even when additional information is taken into account. The neural basis of changing one's mind about a candidate is not a simple matter of computing the amount of competence-affirming information in their job interview. Instead, seeing a candidate for the better is somewhat distinguishable at the neural level from seeing a candidate for the worse. Whereas amygdala modulation marks the extremity of evaluation change, favorable impression change additionally draws on parametric modulation of lateral prefrontal cortex and unfavorable impression change additionally draws on parametric modulation of medial prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex, and striatum. Investigating social evaluation as a dynamic process (rather than a one-time impression) paints a new picture of its neural basis and highlights the partially dissociable processes that contribute to changing your mind about someone for the better or the worse.