Community Perceptions and Priorities for Managing Water and Environmental Resources in the River Njoro Watershed in Kenya
Community Perceptions and Priorities for Managing Water and Environmental Resources in the River Njoro Watershed in Kenya
复制标题
肯尼亚恩乔罗河流域水和环境资源管理的社区认知和优先事项
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. N. Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marion W. Jenkins;F. Lelo;L. Chiuri;W. Shivoga;S. N. Miller
Njoro流域是肯尼亚大裂谷典型的半干旱流域，该流域的高地部分正在经历一个土地利用迅速变化的新阶段，农村和城市人口都在持续大幅增长。对环境，特别是对河水的数量和质量造成了相当大的负面影响。流域内的家庭、牲畜、商业、工业和机构用水者受到影响，纳库鲁湖下游重要的栖息地也受到影响，纳库鲁湖是一个大型浅水盐湖，被指定为具有国际重要性的拉姆萨尔湿地。针对这些问题，建立了一个美国-肯尼亚联合多学科应用研究项目，称为流域可持续管理合作研究支持计划（SUMAWA-CRSP）。SUMAWA的目标是，在今后3-5年内，通过当地利益攸关方的参与和在科学信息和分析的支持下采取行动，展示恩乔罗流域水和环境资源管理的改进和综合。介绍了利益攸关方参与恩乔罗流域管理的SUMAWA计划进程要素的初步结果。目前正在采取各种参与性方法、讨论论坛、提高认识活动和地方能力建设，以应对在使地方利益攸关方和社区参与流域行动规划方面所涉及的一些挑战。第一阶段的活动采用了初步农村评估方法，以评估当地居民对河流水质和水量现状、问题及其原因以及沿流域沿着六个不同社区采取地方行动的机会的兴趣和看法。
The Njoro Watershed, typical of the semi-arid basins in the Rift Valley of Kenya, is undergoing a new phase of rapid land use change in the uplands portion of the watershed, and on-going significant growth in both rural and urban populations. Considerable negative environmental impacts are occurring, in particular to the quantity and quality of river water. Domestic, livestock, commercial, industrial, and institutional water users in the basin are affected, as well as important downstream habitat in Lake Nakuru, a large shallow saline lake designated a Ramsar wetlands site of international importance. In response to these concerns, a joint US-Kenyan multidisciplinary applied research project called Sustainable Management of Watersheds Collaborative Research Support Program (SUMAWA-CRSP) was established. SUMAWA aims, over the next 3-5 years, to demonstrate improved and integrated management of water and environmental resources in the Njoro Watershed through local stakeholder participation and action supported by scientific information and analyses. Preliminary results from elements of the SUMAWA planned process for stakeholder participation in management of the Njoro Watershed are presented. A mixture of participatory methods, discussion forums, awareness-raising activities, and local capacity building are being undertaken to address some of the challenges involved in engaging local stakeholders and communities in watershed action planning. The first phase of activities adapts Participatory Rural Appraisal methods to assess local residents’ interests in and perceptions of the current condition of river water quality and quantity, of problems and their causes, and opportunities for local action in six different communities along the length of the watershed.