Rapid Acquisition but Slow Extinction of an Attentional Bias in Space
Rapid Acquisition but Slow Extinction of an Attentional Bias in Space
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DOI：
10.1037/a0027611
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Herzig, Chelsey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiang, Yuhong V.;Swallow, Ithena M.;Herzig, Chelsey
大量研究集中在基于目标或知觉突显的空间注意分配上。然而，在日常生活中，人们也会利用他们以前的经验来引导注意力。在这里，我们调查了人们偶然学会优先选择特定地点的速度。受试者在视觉搜索任务中寻找L中的T。他们不知道，目标往往位于屏幕的一个区域，而不是其他区域。对富裕地区的注意力偏向是在数十次试验中形成的。然而，这种偏见并没有迅速适应新的背景。它持续了至少一周，并在目标的位置变得均匀分布后进行了数百次试验。偏差的持久性并没有反映出计算视觉统计数据的长时间窗口。长期坚持将偶然习得的注意力偏向与更灵活的目标驱动型注意力区分开来。
Substantial research has focused on the allocation of spatial attention based on goals or perceptual salience. In everyday life, however, people also direct attention using their previous experience. Here we investigate the pace at which people incidentally learn to prioritize specific locations. Participants searched for a T among Ls in a visual search task. Unbeknownst to them, the target was more often located in one region of the screen than in other regions. An attentional bias toward the rich region developed over dozens of trials. However, the bias did not rapidly readjust to new contexts. It persisted for at least a week and for hundreds of trials after the target's position became evenly distributed. The persistence of the bias did not reflect a long window over which visual statistics were calculated. Long-term persistence differentiates incidentally learned attentional biases from the more flexible goal-driven attention.