Flux of Particulate Elements in the North Atlantic Ocean Constrained by Multiple Radionuclides

Flux of Particulate Elements in the North Atlantic Ocean Constrained by Multiple Radionuclides
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受多种放射性核素约束的北大西洋颗粒元素通量

DOI:
10.1029/2018gb005994
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Fitzgerald, Patrick
Fitzgerald, Patrick
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hayes, Christopher T.;Black, Erin E.;Anderson, Robert F.;Baskaran, Mark;Buesseler, Ken O.;Charette, Matthew A.;Cheng, Hai;Cochran, J. Kirk;Edwards, R. Lawrence;Fitzgerald, Patrick

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下沉颗粒强烈地调节海洋中活性化学物质的分布,包括颗粒有机碳和其他元素(例如,P、Cd、Mn、Cu、Co、Fe、Al和232Th)。然而,微量元素的下沉通量在全球海洋中还没有得到很好的描述。美国在北大西洋的GEOTRACES活动(GA03)提供了第一个数据集,其中碳和微量元素的沉降通量可以使用四种不同的放射性核素对(238 U:234 Th; 210 Pb:210 Po; 228 Ra:228 Th;和234 U:230 Th)在与沉积物收集器通量位于同一地点的站点进行比较。颗粒有机碳,颗粒磷,颗粒镉通量都急剧下降,深度低于透光层。颗粒锰,铜,钴通量配置文件显示混合行为,一些情况下反映生物矿化,和其他情况下,随着深度增加通量。后者可能与成岩物质的横向输入或增加对颗粒的清除有关。最后,颗粒态Fe通量类似于Al和232 Th的通量,它们的通量都随着深度的增加而增加,这表明横向输送到研究地点的再悬浮沉积物在深度的成岩通量中占主导地位。在比较使用不同的同位素对得出的通量估计值时,不同的时间尺度的整合和颗粒尺寸分馏效应会导致差异。考虑到与每种方法相关的独立不确定性,不同方法产生的通量估计值范围对真实去除通量提供了一个强大的约束。这些估计将是有价值的目标地球化学建模,也可能提供深入了解颗粒沉降过程。
Sinking particles strongly regulate the distribution of reactive chemical substances in the ocean, including particulate organic carbon and other elements (e.g., P, Cd, Mn, Cu, Co, Fe, Al, and232Th). Yet, the sinking fluxes of trace elements have not been well described in the global ocean. The U.S. GEOTRACES campaign in the North Atlantic (GA03) offers the first data set in which the sinking flux of carbon and trace elements can be derived using four different radionuclide pairs (238U:234Th;210Pb:210Po;228Ra:228Th; and234U:230Th) at stations co‐located with sediment trap fluxes for comparison. Particulate organic carbon, particulate P, and particulate Cd fluxes all decrease sharply with depth below the euphotic zone. Particulate Mn, Cu, and Co flux profiles display mixed behavior, some cases reflecting biotic remineralization, and other cases showing increased flux with depth. The latter may be related to either lateral input of lithogenic material or increased scavenging onto particles. Lastly, particulate Fe fluxes resemble fluxes of Al and232Th, which all have increasing flux with depth, indicating a dominance of lithogenic flux at depth by resuspended sediment transported laterally to the study site. In comparing flux estimates derived using different isotope pairs, differences result from different timescales of integration and particle size fractionation effects. The range in flux estimates produced by different methods provides a robust constraint on the true removal fluxes, taking into consideration the independent uncertainties associated with each method. These estimates will be valuable targets for biogeochemical modeling and may also offer insight into particle sinking processes.
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