Occupational health risks among trichloroethylene-exposed workers in a clock manufacturing factory.
Occupational health risks among trichloroethylene-exposed workers in a clock manufacturing factory.
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DOI：
10.5539/gjhs.v7n1p161
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发表时间：
2014-08-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wongsanit S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Singthong S;Pakkong P;Choosang K;Wongsanit S
三氯乙烯（TCE）是一种重要的挥发性有机化合物，曾在世界各地的工业中广泛使用。职业接触三氯乙烯可能会导致许多健康危害，例如过敏反应和遗传损伤。本研究的目的是通过分析钟表制造工厂工人呼吸区的空气和尿液来评估 TCE 的职业暴露。采用自填问卷的方式进行主观症状调查，评估健康危害。微核（MN）频率基于外周血淋巴细胞（PBL）中的胞质分裂阻断微核测定（CBMN），被用作染色体损伤的生物标志物。本研究共纳入 244 名参与者，其中包括 171 名职业接触 TCE 的工人和 73 名非接触对照员工，主要在同一工厂从事办公室工作。使用改进的顶空技术，通过气相色谱-电子捕获检测器 (GC-ECD) 对工作场所空气中的 TCE 浓度以及工人和对照组的尿液三氯乙酸 (TCA) 进行分析。工作场所呼吸区TCE的平均浓度为27.83±6.02 ppm。暴露工人和对照者尿TCA平均水平分别为14.84±1.62、2.95±0.28 mg/L。 MN/1000BN 的频率为 7.029 ± 0.39，显着高于对照组（3.57 ± 0.31，p = 0.001）。根据多元线性回归分析，结果表明，暴露工人尿中 TCA 水平与 MN 增加相关（r = 0.285，p < 0.001）。暴露组主观症状患病率是非暴露组的9.61-11.76倍(p < 0.001)。结果发现，暴露工人中最常见的是皮肤症状（29.6%）和呼吸道症状（21.1%）。总之，这些结果表明微核频率增加与职业三氯乙烯暴露有关。工厂中使用 TCE 正在威胁工人的健康。
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an important volatile organic compound once widely used in industry throughout the world. Occupational exposure to TCE can cause a number of health hazards such as allergic reactions and genetic damage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate occupational exposure to TCE, by analysis of the air in the breathing zone and of urine from workers employed in a clock manufacturing factory. A subjective symptom survey was conducted by using a self-administered questionnaire to evaluate the health hazards. Micronucleus (MN) frequency, based on the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes, (PBLs) was used as a biomarker for chromosome damage. A total of 244 participants, including 171 workers occupationally exposed to TCE and 73 non-exposed control employees, working mainly in office jobs in the same factory, were enrolled in this study. Analyses of airborne TCE concentrations in the workplace, and of urinary trichloroacetic acid (TCA) of the workers and controls, were performed by Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD) using the modified headspace technique. The average concentration of TCE in the workplace breathing zone was 27.83 ± 6.02 ppm. The average level of urinary TCA of the exposed workers and controls was 14.84 ± 1.62, 2.95 ± 0.28 mg/L. The frequency of MN/1000BN was 7.029 ± 0.39, significantly higher than for those in the control group (3.57 ± 0.31, p = 0.001). According to multiple linear regression analysis, the results indicated that urinary TCA levels correlated with the increased MN in exposed workers (r = 0.285, p < 0.001). The prevalence rate of subjective symptoms in the exposed group was 9.61-11.76 times higher than the rate of the non-exposed group (p < 0.001). It was found that skin (29.6%) and respiratory symptoms (21.1%) were the most frequent among the exposed workers. In conclusion, these results indicate that increased micronucleus frequency is associated with occupational trichloroethylene exposure. The use of TCE in the factory is threatening workers’ health.