Computations of uncertainty mediate acute stress responses in humans.
Computations of uncertainty mediate acute stress responses in humans.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms10996
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发表时间：
2016-03-29
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Bestmann S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Berker AO;Rutledge RB;Mathys C;Marshall L;Cross GF;Dolan RJ;Bestmann S
压力的影响经常被研究，但其近端原因仍不清楚。在这里，我们表明，主观估计的不确定性预测主观和生理压力反应的动态。受试者学习视觉刺激和电击之间的概率映射。唾液皮质醇证实了我们的压力源引起了内分泌活动的变化。使用分层贝叶斯学习模型，我们量化了不同形式的主观任务不确定性和急性应激反应之间的关系。主观压力、瞳孔直径和皮肤电导都追踪了不可约不确定性的演变。我们观察到情绪和身体状态之间的耦合，主观和生理调整的不确定性密切相关。此外，主观和生理压力的不确定性调整预测个人的任务表现，与不确定的威胁下的学习压力的适应性作用一致。我们的发现，压力反应调整到环境的不确定性提供了新的见解，他们的产生和可能的适应功能。 急性应激具有广泛的生理和行为后果，但产生应激反应的确切因素尚不清楚。在这里，de Berker及其同事证明了急性应激反应动态地跟踪环境的不确定性，并预测在不确定威胁下的学习能力。
The effects of stress are frequently studied, yet its proximal causes remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that subjective estimates of uncertainty predict the dynamics of subjective and physiological stress responses. Subjects learned a probabilistic mapping between visual stimuli and electric shocks. Salivary cortisol confirmed that our stressor elicited changes in endocrine activity. Using a hierarchical Bayesian learning model, we quantified the relationship between the different forms of subjective task uncertainty and acute stress responses. Subjective stress, pupil diameter and skin conductance all tracked the evolution of irreducible uncertainty. We observed a coupling between emotional and somatic state, with subjective and physiological tuning to uncertainty tightly correlated. Furthermore, the uncertainty tuning of subjective and physiological stress predicted individual task performance, consistent with an adaptive role for stress in learning under uncertain threat. Our finding that stress responses are tuned to environmental uncertainty provides new insight into their generation and likely adaptive function. Acute stress has broad physiological and behavioural consequences, yet the precise factors that generate stress responses are not known. Here, de Berker and colleagues demonstrate that acute stress responses dynamically track environmental uncertainty and predict ability to learn under uncertain threat.