Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Avermectin/Milbemycin Parasiticides on the African Malaria Vector, Anopheles arabiensis
Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Avermectin/Milbemycin Parasiticides on the African Malaria Vector, Anopheles arabiensis
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DOI：
10.1603/me11098
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Miller, James R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fritz, Megan L.;Walker, Edward D.;Miller, James R.
研究了阿维菌素/米尔倍霉素类的四种杀牛寄生虫剂对嗜动物性非洲疟疾媒介阿拉伯按蚊的致死和亚致死作用。将伊维菌素、莫昔克丁、多拉菌素和埃普利诺菌素与牛血混合，并提供给实验室饲养的An。在膜饲养器中的阿拉伯。伊维菌素和埃普利诺菌素对按蚊有致死作用。在低浓度下（LC（50）分别为7.9 ppb和8.5 ppb）。虽然多拉菌素的致死率（LC 50为23.9 ppb）低于伊维菌素和埃普利诺菌素，但它显著降低了卵发育。降低安氏按蚊存活率和产卵量所需的莫昔克丁浓度。阿拉伯菌素比伊维菌素或埃普利诺菌素高出>100倍。莫昔克丁对An的作用较弱。相对于其他三种化学物质，这些结果表明，在规定的低剂量范围内接受伊维菌素或埃普利诺菌素作为杀寄生虫剂治疗的牛对嗜动物性疟疾媒介具有血液毒性。区域协调，季节性治疗牛可以抑制安。阿拉伯人，从而减少疟疾传播。如果以这种方式使用多拉菌素（尽管毒性较低），将对产卵量产生种群水平影响。
Four cattle parasiticides of the avermectin/milbemycin class were examined for lethal and sublethal effects on the zoophilic, African malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis. Ivermectin, moxidectin, doramectin, and eprinomectin were mixed with bovine blood and provided to laboratory-reared An. arabiensis in a membrane feeder. Ivermectin and eprinomectin were lethal to An. arabiensis at low concentrations (LC(50)s of 7.9 ppb and 8.5 ppb, respectively). While the lethality of doramectin (LC50 of 23.9 ppb), was less than that of ivermectin and eprinomectin, it markedly reduced egg development. The concentration of moxidectin required to reduce survivorship and egg production in An. arabiensis was >100 fold greater than for ivermectin or eprinomectin. Moxidectin was weak in its actions against An. arabiensis relative to the other three chemicals. These results suggest that cattle treated with ivermectin or eprinomectin in the prescribed range of low dosages as parasiticides have blood toxic to zoophilic malaria vectors. Regionally coordinated, seasonal treatment of cattle could suppress An. arabiensis populations, thereby reducing malaria transmission. Doramectin (although less toxic) would have population level effects on egg production if used in this manner.