Threatened pollination systems in native flora of the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands
Threatened pollination systems in native flora of the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcl117
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Abe, Tetsuto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abe, Tetsuto
各种外来物种已被引入小笠原群岛（日本）。一项调查，调查本地授粉系统是否适合一个“岛屿综合征”（偏向植物群dioclonal，与制服，不显眼的花），以及外来物种是否破坏了本地授粉network.Methods花游客和花卉性状确定在该领域（12个岛屿）和文献。结果在269种本地开花植物中，两性花占74.7%，雌雄异株占13.0%，雌雄同株占7.1%。按花色分类，白色占36.0%，绿色占21.6%，黄色占13.8%。木本植物（乔木和灌木）占植物群的36.5%，与双花和白色花有关。孤独的，地方性的小蜜蜂占主导地位的花的游客，并访问了66.7%的卫星岛上的本地授粉网络保存观察到的物种。与卫星岛上的情况相反，引进的蜜蜂是最主要的授粉者（占观察物种的60.1%），并已扩散到秩地岛附近的卫星岛。结论小笠原群岛传粉系统的岛屿综合征在雌雄异株物种的高比例中是明显的，卫星岛上本地植物群和独花客的柔和色彩。几个花的形状和颜色的适应建议本地授粉壁龛长喙蛾和木匠蜂。然而，引进蜜蜂的统治和扩张有可能破坏小笠原群岛两个主要岛屿和几个卫星岛屿的本地授粉网络。
Background and Aims Various alien species have been introduced to the Ogasawara Islands (Japan). A survey was made investigating whether the native pollination systems fit an 'island syndrome' (biasing the flora to dioecy, with subdued, inconspicuous flowers) and whether alien species have disrupted the native pollination network.Methods Flower visitors and floral traits were determined in the field (12 islands) and from the literature. Associations among floral traits such as sexual expression, flower colour and flower shape were tested.Key Results Among the 269 native flowering plants, 74.7% are hermaphroditic, 13.0% are dioecious and 7.1% are monoecious. Classification by flower colour revealed that 36.0% were white, 21.6% green and 13.8% yellow. Woody species (trees and shrubs) comprised 36.5% of the flora and were associated with dioecy and white flowers. Solitary, endemic small bees were the dominant flower visitors and visited 66.7% of the observed species on satellite islands where the native pollination networks are preserved. In contrast to the situation on the satellite islands, introduced honeybees were the most dominant pollinator (visiting 60.1% of observed species) on the two main islands, Chichi-jima and Haha-jima, and had spread to satellite islands near Chichi-jima Island.Conclusions The island syndrome for pollination systems in the Ogasawara Islands was evident in a high percentage of dioecious species, the subdued colour of the native flora and solitary flower visitors on satellite islands. The shape and colour adaptations of several flowers suggested native pollination niches for long-proboscis moths and carpenter bees. However, the domination and expansion of introduced honeybees have the potential for disruption of the native pollination network in the two main, and several satellite, islands of the Ogasawara Islands.