Mail Questionnaires in Survey Research: A Review of Response Inducement Techniques
Mail Questionnaires in Survey Research: A Review of Response Inducement Techniques
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调查研究中的邮寄问卷：反应诱导技术回顾
DOI：
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Duncan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Duncan
邮寄问卷是应用社会科学研究中最常用也是最具争议的技术之一。大部分争议涉及实现足够高的回复率以确保代表性所涉及的困难。本文综述了邮件调查研究中的回复诱导技术的最新文献。这篇综述考察了12种最常被研究的提高应答率的技术。有五个被发现持续产生更高的反应。这些措施包括预先通知、个性化、纳入金钱奖励、后续行动和更高级别的返还邮费。第二，来源赞助和求职信中的呼吁类型，似乎增加了回复率，但以一种特定情况的方式。所考察的因素中有四个对应答率没有影响。这些是收到调查问卷的地址、地点或社会环境；截止日期的具体说明；工具的颜色、长度、形式或前面；以及多种因素的相互作用。其中一项，外发邮资的类别仍然没有定论。
The mail questionnaire is one of the most frequently used and controversial techniques in applied social science research. Much of the controversy relates to the difficulty involved in achieving response rates high enough to ensure representativeness. This paper surveys the recent literature on response inducement techniques in mail survey research. This review examined 12 of the most frequently researched techniques for increasing response rates. Five were found to consistently produce higher responses. These were prenotification, personalization, the inclusion of monetary incentives, follow-up, and higher class return postage. Two, source sponsorship and the type of appeal in the cover letter, appeared to increase response rates but in a situation specific manner. Four of the factors examined had no effect on response rates. These were the address location or social setting in which the questionnaire was received; specification of a deadline; the color, length, form, or preceding of the instrument; and the interaction of multiple factors. One item, the class of outgoing postage remained inconclusive.