Retrospective analysis of fish community change during a half-century of landuse and streamflow changes
Retrospective analysis of fish community change during a half-century of landuse and streamflow changes
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DOI：
10.1899/09-116.1
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Eberle, Mark E.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Gido, Keith B.;Dodds, Walter K.;Eberle, Mark E.
通过逐渐扰动或突然扰动，可以超过导致替代群落状态的生态阈值。早在1880年，由于水和土地利用的变化，大平原的许多河流都经历了水文状况的巨大变化。这些变化，加上许多入侵物种的存在，大大改变了该地区的鱼类群落。我们量化了3个大型河流流域中鱼类群落的时间变化，这些变化与假定的人为压力有关，包括来自中耕农业的沉积物供应增加（始于1880年），水库建设造成的栖息地破碎化（始于20世纪50年代），以及地下水抽取造成的排放减少（始于20世纪60年代）。我们假设，这些非生物政权的转变，再加上物种入侵，将系统从一个鱼类群落占主导地位的lotic（流水）物种，以lentic（静水）物种为主。此外，我们预测，社区变化的时间和强度将在经历不同类型和水平的压力源的流域中有所不同。整个3个流域的鱼类群落的重组主要是由类似的增加，在几个大型河流物种，只有少数下降。目前这些流域的鱼类群落
Ecological thresholds that lead to alternative community states can be exceeded through gradual perturbation or as a result of sudden disturbance. Many Great Plains streams have experienced dramatic changes in their hydrologic regime resulting from water and landuse changes that began as early as 1880. These changes, combined with the presence of many invasive species, have substantially altered the fish communities in this area. We quantified temporal changes in fish communities in 3 large river basins in relation to putative anthropogenic stressors, including increased sediment supply derived from row-crop agriculture (beginning in 1880), habitat fragmentation caused by reservoir construction (beginning in the 1950s), and reduced discharge caused by groundwater withdrawal (beginning in the 1960s). We hypothesized that these abiotic regime shifts, coupled with species invasions, would shift the system from a fish community dominated by lotic (flowing water) species to one dominated by lentic (still water) species. Further, we predicted that the timing and intensity of community change would vary across basins that experienced different types and levels of stressors. Restructuring of fish communities across the 3 river basins was driven primarily by similar increases in lentic species, with only a few declines in several large-river species. Current fish communities in these basins share