Glial cells dilate and constrict blood vessels: A mechanism of neurovascular coupling
Glial cells dilate and constrict blood vessels: A mechanism of neurovascular coupling
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4048-05.2006
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发表时间：
2006-03-15
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Newman, EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Metea, MR;Newman, EA
神经元活动引起血流的局部变化。虽然这种反应被称为神经血管偶联，被广泛用于监测人脑功能和诊断病理，但介导这种反应的细胞机制仍不清楚。我们研究了急性分离的哺乳动物视网膜神经胶质细胞的神经血管耦合的贡献。我们发现光刺激和胶质细胞刺激都能引起小动脉的扩张或收缩。光诱发和神经胶质诱发的血管舒张被细胞色素P450环氧合酶（环氧二十碳三烯酸的合成酶）的抑制剂阻断。相反，血管收缩被ω-羟化酶抑制剂阻断，该酶合成20-hydroxyyeicosatetraenoicacid。一氧化氮影响是否产生血管舒张或血管收缩反应的光和神经胶质刺激。光诱发的血管活性被阻断时，神经元到神经胶质细胞的信号被嘌呤拮抗剂中断。这些结果表明神经胶质细胞有助于神经血管偶联，并表明血流的调节可能涉及血管舒张和血管收缩成分。
Neuronal activity evokes localized changes in blood flow. Although this response, termed neurovascular coupling, is widely used to monitor human brain function and diagnose pathology, the cellular mechanisms that mediate the response remain unclear. We investigated the contribution of glial cells to neurovascular coupling in the acutely isolated mammalian retina. We found that light stimulation and glial cell stimulation can both evoke dilation or constriction of arterioles. Light-evoked and glial-evoked vasodilations were blocked by inhibitors of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase, the synthetic enzyme for epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Vasoconstrictions, in contrast, were blocked by an inhibitor of omega-hydroxylase, which synthesizes 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoicacid. Nitric oxide influenced whether vasodilations or vasoconstrictions were produced in response to light and glial stimulation. Light-evoked vasoactivity was blocked when neuron-to-glia signaling was interrupted by a purinergic antagonist. These results indicate that glial cells contribute to neurovascular coupling and suggest that regulation of blood flow may involve both vasodilating and vasoconstricting components.