Mechanisms of Mitotic Recombination
Mechanisms of Mitotic Recombination
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有丝分裂重组机制
DOI：
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Wagstaff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Esposito;J. Wagstaff
酿酒酵母染色体重组发生在二倍体细胞三个不同的生命周期阶段：（1）有丝分裂重组，在营养细胞分裂;（2）减数分裂重组，在二倍体细胞暴露于减数分裂诱导环境后未定型为单倍体（参见Esposito和Esposito 1978）;和（3）减数分裂重组，在完成减数分裂和子囊孢子发生的细胞中（参见Fogel等1979）。某些致突变致癌物在酵母中也是重组剂的观察结果（Zimmermann et al.1966）和表明基因重组有时涉及原核生物和真核生物中基因表达控制的数据（cf. McClintock 1961; Esposito and Esposito 1977; Silverman et al. 1979）。本文综述了S.酿酒酵母集中回答三个基本的，有关有丝分裂交换的问题：（1）在有丝分裂细胞周期的哪些阶段发生有丝分裂交换？(2)有丝分裂和减数分裂重组的性质能用DNA重组的单一分子模型来解释吗？(3)控制有丝分裂交换的基因在多大程度上参与控制减数分裂重组、交配型等位基因的同宗配合互变以及其他DNA合成和修复的细胞途径？在下面的讨论中，我们总结了标准标记基因座的基因间和基因内有丝分裂重组的性质，姐妹染色单体之间的有丝分裂交换的方面，以及与这些问题相关的rec突变体的表型。有丝分裂的基因转换和相互交换基因间和基因内.
INTRODUCTION Chromosomal recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae occurs at three distinct life-cycle stages of diploid cells: (1) mitotic recombination, during vegetative cell division; (2) meiototic recombination, in diploid cells uncommitted to haploidization following exposure to a meiosis-inducing environment (see Esposito and Esposito 1978); and (3) meiotic recombination, in cells that complete meiosis and ascosporogenesis (see Fogel et al. 1979). Interest in the mechanisms of mitotic recombination has been stimulated by the observation that certain mutagenic carcinogens are also recombinagens in in yeast (Zimmermann et al. 1966) and data indicating that genetic recombination is sometimes involved in the control of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (cf. McClintock 1961; Esposito and Esposito 1977; Silverman et al. 1979). Current studies of the molecular mechanisms and genic control of spontaneous and induced mitotic recombination in S. cerevisiae focus upon answering three basic, related questions regarding mitotic exchange: (1) At what stages of the mitotic cell cycle does mitotic exchange occur? (2) Can the properties of mitotic and meiotic recombination be accounted for by a single molecular model of DNA recombination? (3) To what extent do genes controlling mitotic exchange participate in the control of meiotic recombination, homothallic interconversion of mating-type alleles, and other cellular pathways of DNA synthesis and repair? In the following discussion we summarize the properties of intergenic and intragenic mitotic recombination of standard marker loci, aspects of mitotic exchange between sister chromatids, and the phenotypes of rec mutants relevant to these questions. MITOTIC GENE CONVERSION AND RECIPROCAL EXCHANGE Intergenic and intragenic...