Role of nutritional zinc in the prevention of osteoporosis
Role of nutritional zinc in the prevention of osteoporosis
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DOI：
10.1007/s11010-009-0358-0
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Yamaguchi, Masayoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yamaguchi, Masayoshi
锌被认为是人类和动物生长中必不可少的营养因子。骨生长迟缓是一种常见的发现，在各种情况下与膳食缺锌有关。骨锌含量已被证明在衰老、骨骼卸载和绝经后条件下减少，这表明它在骨骼疾病中的作用。锌已被证明对成骨细胞骨形成和矿化有刺激作用；金属直接激活细胞内蛋白质合成翻译过程中的限速酶氨基酰基- trna合成酶，刺激细胞内蛋白质合成。锌已被证明可以刺激转录因子runt相关转录因子2 （Runx2）的基因表达，而runt相关转录因子2与成骨细胞分化有关。此外，锌已被证明通过抑制骨髓细胞形成破骨细胞样细胞和刺激成熟破骨细胞凋亡细胞死亡来抑制破骨细胞骨吸收。锌对核因子- κ B配体受体激活剂（RANKL）诱导的破骨细胞发生有抑制作用。锌转运蛋白在成骨细胞和破骨细胞中均有表达。锌蛋白参与转录。膳食中锌的摄入会增加骨量。-丙烯酰-l-组氨酸锌（AHZ）是一种锌化合物，其中锌与-丙烯酰-l-组氨酸螯合。AHZ对骨形成的刺激作用比硫酸锌更强。阿克塞酸锌也被证明对骨骼有强大的合成代谢作用。口服AHZ或阿克塞酸锌对各种病理生理条件下的骨质流失具有恢复作用，包括衰老、骨骼卸载、铝骨毒性、钙和维生素d缺乏症、佐剂性关节炎、雌激素缺乏、糖尿病和骨折愈合。锌化合物可能被设计为预防和治疗骨质疏松症的新的补充因子。
Zinc is known as an essential nutritional factor in the growth of the human and animals. Bone growth retardation is a common finding in various conditions associated with dietary zinc deficiency. Bone zinc content has been shown to decrease in aging, skeletal unloading, and postmenopausal conditions, suggesting its role in bone disorder. Zinc has been demonstrated to have a stimulatory effect on osteoblastic bone formation and mineralization; the metal directly activates aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, a rate-limiting enzyme at translational process of protein synthesis, in the cells, and it stimulates cellular protein synthesis. Zinc has been shown to stimulate gene expression of the transcription factors runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) that is related to differentiation into osteoblastic cells. Moreover, zinc has been shown to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption due to inhibiting osteoclast-like cell formation from bone marrow cells and stimulating apoptotic cell death of mature osteoclasts. Zinc has a suppressive effect on the receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. Zinc transporter has been shown to express in osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells. Zinc protein is involved in transcription. The intake of dietary zinc causes an increase in bone mass. beta-Alanyl-l-histidinato zinc (AHZ) is a zinc compound, in which zinc is chelated to beta-alanyl-l-histidine. The stimulatory effect of AHZ on bone formation is more intensive than that of zinc sulfate. Zinc acexamate has also been shown to have a potent-anabolic effect on bone. The oral administration of AHZ or zinc acexamate has the restorative effect on bone loss under various pathophysiologic conditions including aging, skeletal unloading, aluminum bone toxicity, calcium- and vitamin D-deficiency, adjuvant arthritis, estrogen deficiency, diabetes, and fracture healing. Zinc compounds may be designed as new supplementation factor in the prevention and therapy of osteoporosis.