Black spruce (Picea marianna) architecture
Black spruce (Picea marianna) architecture
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黑云杉（Picea marianna）建筑
作者：
C. Bégin;L. Filion
黑云杉(Picea Mariana(Mill.)通过树体构型分析揭示了其形态发育过程。黑云杉是按照劳氏模型生长的。其相对简单和层次化的架构包括四类轴(A1-A4)和三个不同的分支层。第一和第二级轴(树干和树枝)是单轴、正交性结构，具有有节奏的生长和分枝，寿命无限(或仅受树木寿命的限制)。他们主要致力于空间探索和占领。A3轴和A4轴是单轴的、有限制寿命的斜行结构，致力于同化和繁殖。雌性球果在A3的顶端发育，而雄性生殖结构在A4的顶端或侧位发育。重复(或重复轴)容量是黑云杉建筑的一个重要特征。自适应重复过程允许树重新...
Genetically determined rules underlying black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) morphological development were revealed by using tree architecture analysis. Black spruce develops according to Rauh's model. Its relatively simple and well-hierarchized architecture comprises four categories of axes (A1-A4) and three distinct branching levels. First- and second-order axes (the trunk and branches) are monopodial, orthotropic structures with rhythmic growth and branching, and an unlimited life-span (or only limited by tree longevity). They are mainly devoted to spatial exploration and occupation. Axes A3 and A4 are monopodial, plagiotropic structures with a limited life-span, which are devoted to assimilation and reproduction. Female cones develop in terminal position on A3, whereas male reproductive structures develop in terminal or lateral position on A4. Reiteration (or duplication of axes) capacity is an important feature of the architecture of black spruce. Adaptive reiteration processes allow trees to re...