The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris.
The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris.
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缓步动物 Hypsibius exemplaris 原始生殖细胞的胚胎起源。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.01.02.522500
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Goldstein,Bob
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heikes,KiraL;Game,Mandy;Smith,FrankW;Goldstein,Bob
原始生殖细胞（PGCs）产生配子，配子是多种生物繁殖和繁殖所必需的细胞。目前对PGC发育的了解仅限于少数已经鉴定和研究过PGC的生物。将该领域扩展到包括很少研究的分类群和新兴模式生物，对于了解PGC发展演变的全部广度非常重要。在缓步动物门中，迄今为止还没有使用分子标记确定早期细胞系。这包括PGC谱系。在这里，我们描述了模型缓步动物hypsibius范例中的PGC发育。四个最早内化细胞（EICs）表现出类似pgc的行为和核形态。保守的PGC标记swwi1 （water bearpiwi1）和vasa的mrna富集了eic的位置。在早期阶段，wiwi1和vasamrna在胚胎中均可检测到，这表明这些mrna不作为PGC规范的局部决定因素。直到后来，arewiwi1和vas1才在EICs中富集。最后，我们追踪了产生四种PGCs的细胞。我们的结果揭示了h的PGCs的胚胎起源。提供了缓步动物门早期细胞系的第一个分子特征。我们预计这些观察结果将作为表征该动物PGC发育机制的基础。
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to gametes – cells necessary for the propagation and fertility of diverse organisms. Current understanding of PGC development is limited to the small number of organisms whose PGCs have been identified and studied. Expanding the field to include little-studied taxa and emerging model organisms is important to understand the full breadth of the evolution of PGC development. In the phylum Tardigrada, no early cell lineages have been identified to date using molecular markers. This includes the PGC lineage. Here, we describe PGC development in the model tardigradeHypsibius exemplaris. The four earliest-internalizing cells (EICs) exhibit PGC-like behavior and nuclear morphology. The location of the EICs is enriched for mRNAs of conserved PGC markerswiwi1(water bearpiwi1) andvasa. At early stages, bothwiwi1andvasamRNAs are detectable uniformly in embryos, which suggests that these mRNAs do not serve as localized determinants for PGC specification. Only later arewiwi1andvasaenriched in the EICs. Finally, we traced the cells that give rise to the four PGCs. Our results reveal the embryonic origin of the PGCs ofH. exemplarisand provide the first molecular characterization of an early cell lineage in the tardigrade phylum. We anticipate that these observations will serve as a basis for characterizing the mechanisms of PGC development in this animal.