A numerical approach to finding general stationary vacuum black holes

A numerical approach to finding general stationary vacuum black holes
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寻找一般静止真空黑洞的数值方法

DOI:
10.1088/0264-9381/29/16/165002
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Adam A
Adam A
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Adam A

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调和爱因斯坦方程是真空爱因斯坦方程加上一个规范固定项,我们把它当作德图尔克的规范固定项。对于静态黑洞在视界处解析连续为没有边界的黎曼流形,该方程先前已被证明为椭圆型,里奇流和牛顿法提供了很好的数值算法来求解它。这里我们将这些技术推广到任意同齐次平稳的情况,这必须在洛伦兹签名中处理。对于具有全局类时杀戮向量的静止时空,调和爱因斯坦方程是椭圆的。在视界和自我区域的存在下,这一点就不那么明显了。在刚性定理的激励下,我们研究了一类静止黑洞时空,它足够普遍,可以包含许多有趣的高维解。我们认为调和爱因斯坦方程始终截断到这类时空,给出一个椭圆问题。杀戮视界和旋转对称轴是这个问题的边界,我们在那里确定边界条件。作为一个简单的例子,我们利用安德森的边界条件在一个空腔中数值构造了四维旋转黑洞。我们演示了牛顿法和里奇流来找到这些洛伦兹解。
The Harmonic Einstein equation is the vacuum Einstein equation supplemented by a gauge fixing term which we take to be that of DeTurck. For static black holes analytically continued to Riemannian manifolds without boundary at the horizon, this equation has previously been shown to be elliptic, and Ricci flow and Newton's method provide good numerical algorithms to solve it. Here we extend these techniques to the arbitrary cohomogeneity stationary case which must be treated in Lorentzian signature. For stationary spacetimes with globally timelike Killing vector the Harmonic Einstein equation is elliptic. In the presence of horizons and ergo-regions it is less obviously so. Motivated by the Rigidity theorem we study a class of stationary black hole spacetimes which is general enough to include many interesting higher dimensional solutions. We argue the Harmonic Einstein equation consistently truncates to this class of spacetimes giving an elliptic problem. The Killing horizons and axes of rotational symmetry are boundaries for this problem and we determine boundary conditions there. As a simple example we numerically construct 4D rotating black holes in a cavity using Anderson's boundary conditions. We demonstrate both Newton's method and Ricci flow to find these Lorentzian solutions.
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