Advancing Social Equity in and Through Marine Conservation
Advancing Social Equity in and Through Marine Conservation
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2021.711538
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发表时间：
2021-07-30
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wilhelm, Aulani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett, Nathan J.;Katz, Laure;Wilhelm, Aulani
目前正在作出大量努力和投资，以扩大全球海洋养护的规模并提高其效力。虽然这是国际法规定的，也是养护政策的核心，但对如何在海洋养护中并通过海洋养护实现社会公平的关注较少。在这篇文章中，我们的目标是通过审查如何更好地将社会公平纳入海洋保护政策和实践，使人们更加关注这一主题。要在海洋养护方面促进社会公平，就必须注意：通过承认和尊重不同的人民和观点来承认;通过尽量扩大利益和尽量减少负担来公平分配影响;通过促进参与决策和善政来制定程序;通过倡导和支持地方参与和领导来进行管理;通过确保保护行动的有效性和适当的管理来确保对自然和人类的利益，以及保护方面不公平的结构性障碍和体制根源，来解决环境问题。然后，我们讨论了各种保护组织在促进海洋保护社会公平方面的作用，并确定了这些组织需要建立的能力。我们敦促海洋保护界，包括各国政府、非政府组织和捐助者，致力于实现社会公平的保护。
Substantial efforts and investments are being made to increase the scale and improve the effectiveness of marine conservation globally. Though it is mandated by international law and central to conservation policy, less attention has been given to how to operationalize social equity in and through the pursuit of marine conservation. In this article, we aim to bring greater attention to this topic through reviewing how social equity can be better integrated in marine conservation policy and practice. Advancing social equity in marine conservation requires directing attention to: recognition through acknowledgment and respect for diverse peoples and perspectives; fair distribution of impacts through maximizing benefits and minimizing burdens; procedures through fostering participation in decision-making and good governance; management through championing and supporting local involvement and leadership; the environment through ensuring the efficacy of conservation actions and adequacy of management to ensure benefits to nature and people; and the structural barriers to and institutional roots of inequity in conservation. We then discuss the role of various conservation organizations in advancing social equity in marine conservation and identify the capacities these organizations need to build. We urge the marine conservation community, including governments, non-governmental organizations and donors, to commit to the pursuit of socially equitable conservation.