Oral Health Literacy, Preventive Behavior Measures, and Chronic Medical Conditions.
Oral Health Literacy, Preventive Behavior Measures, and Chronic Medical Conditions.
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DOI：
10.1177/2380084418769835
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Atchison, K A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Messadi, D V;Macek, M D;Atchison, K A
本研究旨在探讨口腔健康素养、预防取向与行为，以及慢性疾病，特别是高血压与糖尿病之间的关系。对在加州的洛杉矶和马里兰州的巴尔的摩牙科诊所就诊的牙科学校患者进行了一项横断面研究。他们的健康素养水平采用成人功能性健康素养测试（短TOFHLA）和成人医学和牙科素养快速评估（REALM-D）进行测量。病史和现有的医疗条件，特别是高血压和糖尿病状态，从患者的健康史和电子记录中提取。10个项目被问及预防行为（例如，在晚上刷牙，吸烟，运动，喝苏打水）和3个预防保健服务（牙齿检查，流感疫苗，医疗检查）。询问六个控制点项目（例如，健康是一种好运，我的健康发生什么事是上帝的旨意）。在793名受试者中，221名有记录的高血压史，88名有糖尿病史。Short-TOFHLA评分与糖尿病和高血压之间存在相关性，但在控制了社会人口统计学和预防变量后，这种相关性不再显著。在多变量分析中，女性、至少上过一些大学的人、亚洲人或非西班牙裔白人、年轻人、小时候说英语的人、从互联网或医疗保健专业人员寻求健康信息的人以及吸烟的人报告说，他们对预防性卫生服务的利用率较低，而那些控制点较少的人报告了较高的Short-TOFHLA评分。患有高血压或糖尿病的患者与没有这种疾病的患者之间的平均REALM-D评分没有显著差异。多变量模型显示，REALM-D得分较高的人至少有一些大学，是其他种族/民族或非西班牙裔白色，小时候说英语，并通过互联网寻求健康信息。知识转移声明：本研究结果显示，牙科学校病患具有一系列的健康素养能力与预防行为，且健康素养与某些预防行为呈正相关，而与其他预防行为则无相关性。牙科学校接收大量慢性病患者，应教育学生使用有效的患者沟通技巧，以加强这些患者的积极健康行为。
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between oral health literacy, preventive orientation and behaviors, and chronic medical conditions-specifically, hypertension and diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with dental school patients attending the dental clinics in Los Angeles, California, and Baltimore, Maryland. Their health literacy levels were measured using the short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (Short-TOFHLA) and the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine and Dentistry (REALM-D). The medical history and existing medical conditions-specifically, hypertension and diabetes status-were extracted from patient health history and electronic records. Ten items were asked about preventive behaviors (e.g., brushing teeth in evening, smoking, exercise, drinking soda) and 3 preventive health services (dental checkup, flu shot, medical checkup). Six locus of control items were asked (e.g., good health is a matter of good fortune, what happens to my health is God's will). Out of 793 subjects, 221 had a documented history of hypertension, 88 with diabetes. There was an association between Short-TOFHLA scores and both diabetes and hypertension, but after controlling for sociodemographic and preventive variables, the association was no longer significant. In multivariate analysis, women, people with at least some college, Asians or non-Hispanic Whites, younger people, those who spoke English as a child, those who sought health information from the Internet or health care professionals, and those who smoked reported lower utilization of preventive health services, and those who had less locus of control reported higher Short-TOFHLA scores. There were no significant differences in mean REALM-D scores between patients who had hypertension or diabetes versus not having the condition. Multivariate models showed that people with higher REALM-D scores had at least some college, were other race/ethnicity or non-Hispanic White, spoke English as a child, and sought health information via the Internet. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study show that dental school patients exhibit a range of health literacy abilities and preventive behaviors, and health literacy measures positively correlated with some preventive behaviors but not others. Dental schools receive a significant number of patients with chronic diseases, and students should be educated to use effective patient communication skills to reinforce positive health behaviors among these patients.