Network-induced oscillatory behavior in material flow networks and irregular business cycles.
Network-induced oscillatory behavior in material flow networks and irregular business cycles.
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DOI：
10.1103/physreve.70.056118
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发表时间：
2004-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Helbing;Stefen Lämmer;U. Witt;T. Brenner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Helbing;Stefen Lämmer;U. Witt;T. Brenner
网络理论正在迅速改变我们对复杂系统的理解，但代谢网络，食物网，生产系统，信息网络或电网级联故障的动态行为的拓扑特征的相关性仍有待探索。基于一个简单的供应网络模型，我们提供了在生物，生态，经济和工程系统中观察到的不稳定性和振荡的解释。我们发现，大多数供应网络显示阻尼振荡，即使当他们的单位-这些单位的线性链-在一个nonoscillating方式的行为。此外，阻尼振荡器的网络往往会产生越来越大的振荡。例如，这种令人惊讶的行为提供了对商业周期以及振荡或脉动过程的不同解释。物质流动的网络结构本身就是不稳定的根源，周期性变化是分散调整的固有特征。
Network theory is rapidly changing our understanding of complex systems, but the relevance of topological features for the dynamic behavior of metabolic networks, food webs, production systems, information networks, or cascade failures of power grids remains to be explored. Based on a simple model of supply networks, we offer an interpretation of instabilities and oscillations observed in biological, ecological, economic, and engineering systems. We find that most supply networks display damped oscillations, even when their units--and linear chains of these units--behave in a nonoscillatory way. Moreover, networks of damped oscillators tend to produce growing oscillations. This surprising behavior offers, for example, a different interpretation of business cycles and of oscillating or pulsating processes. The network structure of material flows itself turns out to be a source of instability, and cyclical variations are an inherent feature of decentralized adjustments.