A model of force balance in Saturn's magnetodisc

A model of force balance in Saturn's magnetodisc
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土星磁盘中的力平衡模型

DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15865.x
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Achilleos N
Achilleos N
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Achilleos N

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我们提出了与土星行星磁场扰动有关的磁势函数的计算,这是由一个旋转的、位于赤道的等离子体盘引起的。这种结构是土星和木星快速旋转磁层动力学的核心。它们的内部由土卫二(土星)和木卫一(木星)等卫星的等离子体来源“喂养”。对于这些模型,我们使用了木星磁碟场的Caudal欧拉势的缩放形式。在这种形式中,假定磁场围绕行星的旋转轴是方位对称的,并且等离子体的温度沿磁场线是恒定的。根据卡西尼号(土星)和旅行者号(木星)航天器的观测结果,我们通过使用两颗行星等离子体压力和角速度的简化分布来扰动偶极子势(“均匀”解)。我们的结果量化了通过等离子体的旋转运动和压力施加在偶极场线上的径向“拉伸”程度。磁场模型的一个简化版本,即“均匀圆盘”,可以用来很容易地估计外磁层中压力主导和离心主导圆盘结构之间的过渡距离。我们用不同质量和温度的盘状离子的标度高度来表示赤道约束的程度。对于土星,我们确定了导致磁碟电流的主要力,并将模型预测的磁场结构与卡西尼号航天器的磁场测量结果进行了比较。对于Jupiter,我们重现了Caudal的原始计算,以验证我们的模型实现。我们还表明,与土星的等离子体压力梯度平均弱于离心力相比,木星的外层等离子体盘显然是一个压力主导的结构。
We present calculations of magnetic potential functions associated with the perturbation of Saturn's planetary magnetic field by a rotating, equatorially situated disc of plasma. Such structures are central to the dynamics of the rapidly rotating magnetospheres of Saturn and Jupiter. They are ‘fed’ internally by sources of plasma from moons such as Enceladus (Saturn) and Io (Jupiter). For these models, we use a scaled form of Caudal's Euler potentials for the Jovian magnetodisc field. In this formalism, the magnetic field is assumed to be azimuthally symmetric about the planet's axis of rotation, and plasma temperature is constant along a field line. We perturb the dipole potential (‘homogeneous’ solution) by using simplified distributions of plasma pressure and angular velocity for both planets, based on observations by theCassini(Saturn) andVoyager(Jupiter) spacecraft. Our results quantify the degree of radial ‘stretching’ exerted on the dipolar field lines through the plasma's rotational motion and pressure. A simplified version of the field model, the ‘homogeneous disc’, can be used to easily estimate the distance of transition in the outer magnetosphere between pressure-dominated and centrifugally dominated disc structure. We comment on the degree of equatorial confinement as represented by the scaleheight associated with disc ions of varying mass and temperature. For the case of Saturn, we identify the principal forces which contribute to the magnetodisc current and make comparisons between the field structure predicted by the model and magnetic field measurements from theCassinispacecraft. For the case of Jupiter, we reproduce Caudal's original calculation in order to validate our model implementation. We also show that compared to Saturn, where plasma pressure gradient is, on average, weaker than centrifugal force, the outer plasma disc of Jupiter is clearly a pressure-dominated structure.
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