Hab and Gen in the Expressionof Habituality
Hab and Gen in the Expressionof Habituality
复制标题
习惯性表达中的 Hab 和 Gen
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199691807.003.0006
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
E. Doron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Boneh;E. Doron
习惯性一词在语言学文献中用于两种不同的概念：体态概念（Comrie 1976、Verkuyl 1995、Bonomi 1997、Xrakovskij 1997、Lenci & Bertinetto 2000、van Geenhoven 2004、Ferreira 2005）和模态概念（Dahl 1985、Carlson） 1977 年，Schubert & Pelletier 1987 年，Krifka 等人 1995 年，Landman 2008 年）。在后一种概念下，习惯性有时被视为通用性的子类型，因为它是格言式的和规则式的。在本文中，我们提出了对具有方面和模态意义成分的习惯性进行分析，但我们拒绝习惯性是通用性的子类型的观点。我们通过算子 Hab 来表示习惯性，它是事件的内涵概括，它与通用算子 Gen 不同。对于研究习惯性的不同成分，英语是一种特别适合的语言，因为它有丰富的习惯形式，尤其是过去时态。在(1a)中，出现了动词的简单过去时形式，可以习惯性地解释，在(b-d)中——两种迂回形式，带有两个不同的助动词：used to和would。 (1) a.在过去的美好时光，人们穿着优雅去听歌剧。 b.在过去的美好时光，人们常常穿着优雅的衣服去看歌剧。 c.在过去的美好时光，人们会穿着优雅去听歌剧。
The term habituality is used in the linguistics literature for two different notions: an aspectual notion (Comrie 1976, Verkuyl 1995, Bonomi 1997, Xrakovskij 1997, Lenci & Bertinetto 2000, van Geenhoven 2004, Ferreira 2005), and a modal notion (Dahl 1985, Carlson 1977, Schubert & Pelletier 1987, Krifka et al. 1995, Landman 2008). Under the latter notion, habituality is sometimes viewed as a subtype of genericity, in the sense that it is gnomic and rule-like. In this paper we propose an analysis of habituality with both aspectual and modal meaning components, but we reject the view that habituality is a subtype of genericity. We represent habituality by means of an operator Hab, an intensional summation of events, which is distinct from the generic operator Gen. For the study of the different ingredients of habituality, English is a particularly wellsuited language, as it is rich in habitual forms, especially in the past tense. In (1a), the simple past tense form of the verb appears, which can be interpreted habitually, in (b-d) – two periphrastic forms with two different auxiliaries: used to and would. (1) a. In the good old days, people dressed elegantly to go to the opera. b. In the good old days, people used to dress elegantly to go to the opera. c. In the good old days, people would dress elegantly to go to the opera.