Preferential accumulation of the active S-(+) isomer in murine retina highlights novel mechanisms of vigabatrin-associated retinal toxicity.

Preferential accumulation of the active S-(+) isomer in murine retina highlights novel mechanisms of vigabatrin-associated retinal toxicity.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106536
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Gibson KM
Gibson KM
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Walters DC;Jansen EEW;Salomons GS;Arning E;Ashcraft P;Bottiglieri T;Roullet JB;Gibson KM

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通过连续输注(0、40、80 mg/kg/d)给予雄性C57 B16 J小鼠((S)-(+)/(R)-(−))氨己烯酸(SabrilR; γ-乙烯基GABA),一种抗癫痫药,可不可逆地灭活GABA-转氨酶,持续12天。我们的研究设计将每个剂量的n=24只动物的视网膜、眼(减去视网膜)、全脑和血浆合并,以提供每个治疗组n=8个一式三份。假设(S)-(+)VGB(活性异构体)优先在视网膜中蓄积,我们测定了VGB异构体、综合氨基酸和药代动力学参数。在脑、眼和血浆中,视网膜中的((S)-(+)/(R)-(−))比值范围为0.73-1.29和13.3,视网膜、眼和脑中的分配系数(组织/血浆,((S)-(+);(R)-(−)分别为5.8、0.34、0.63、0.49和0.51、0.34。外消旋VGB(nmol/g;血浆,nmol/ml,剂量平均值范围)含量为:视网膜,25-36;眼(减去视网膜),4.8-8.0;脑,3.1-6.8和血浆,8.7-14.9。GABA组织含量(nmol/g)分别为1246-3335、18-64和2615-3200,作为视网膜、眼(减去视网膜)和脑的VGB剂量的函数。视网膜神经胶质细胞毒素2-氨基己二酸也随VGB剂量(76-96 nmol/g)增加。活性(S)-(+)VGB向视网膜的分配表明立体特异性转运蛋白的参与,其鉴定可以揭示新的治疗范例,其可以减轻VGB的众所周知的视网膜毒性并扩展其临床用途。
((S)-(+)/(R)-(−)) vigabatrin (SabrilR; γ-vinyl GABA), an antiepileptic irreversibly inactivating GABA-transaminase, was administered to male C57Bl6J mice via continuous infusion (0, 40, 80 mg/kg/d) for 12 days. Our study design pooled retina, eye (minus retina), whole brain and plasma from n=24 animals for each dose to provide n=8 triplicates per treatment group. Hypothesizing that (S)-(+) VGB (active isomer) would preferentially accumulate in retina, we determined VGB isomers, comprehensive amino acids, and pharmacokinetic parameters. In brain, eye and plasma, the ((S)-(+)/(R)-(−)) ratio varied from 0.73–1.29 and 13.3 in retina, accompanied by a partition coefficient (tissue/plasma, ((S)-(+);(R)-(−))) of 5.8;0.34, 0.63;0.49, and 0.51;0.34 in retina, eye and brain, respectively. Racemic VGB (nmol/g; plasma, nmol/ml, range of means for dose) content was: retina, 25–36; eye (minus retina), 4.8–8.0; brain, 3.1–6.8 and plasma, 8.7–14.9. GABA tissue content (nmol/g) was 1246–3335, 18–64 and 2615–3200 as a function of VGB dose for retina, eye (minus retina) and brain, respectively. The retinal glial cell toxin 2-aminoadipic acid also increased with VGB dose (76–96 nmol/g). Partitioning of active (S)-(+) VGB to retina suggests the involvement of a stereospecific transporter, the identification of which could reveal new therapeutic paradigms that might mitigate VGB’s well-known retinal toxicity and expand its clinical utility.
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